On the Issue of Hygienic Requirements for Air Quality of Enclosed Spaces at Housing Construction Projects at the Stage of Commissioning

Kriyt, Vladimir E.; Sladkova, Yu. N.; Badaeva, Ekaterina; Смирнов, В. В.; Zaritskaya, Ekaterina V.

doi:10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-6-608-612

“…Определенный вклад вносят используемые в быту средства для стирки, чистки, полироли для мебели, разные клеи, лаки и краски, парфюмерные и косметические средства и т.п. Результаты многочисленных исследований подтверждают, что воздух внутри помещения в 1,5-4 раза более загрязнен химическими примесями, чем атмосферный воздух этой же территории [18][19][20].…”

unclassified

“…Такие нарушения нередко проявляются в снижении работоспособности, появлении различных аллергических реакций, быстрой утомляемости, частых головных болях и т.п. [19][20][21][22]. Возможным фактором, способствующим возникновению «синдрома больного здания», является химическое загрязнение воздуха внутри помещений и, прежде всего, присутствие в нем летучих органических соединений.…”

unclassified

Chemical air pollution in dwelling as a health risk factor

Malysheva¹,

Kalinina²,

Yudin³

2022

Health Risk Analysis

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Up-to-date techniques applied in physical-chemical studies made it possible to identify and quantify chemical pollutants in the air inside contemporary dwelling in a large megacity and then create a database on them. This database has a list of more than 600 chemicals from 18 groups of volatile hydrocarbons and covers hygienic standards for their contents, their hazard category, and ranges of detected concentrations. Major sources of air pollution with these chemicals in dwelling were also identified. From the hygienic point of view, a significant fact is that there are no hygienic standards for more than 60 % of chemicals detected in air in dwelling. Formaldehyde, phenol, and styrene are priority chemicals for quality monitoring and risk-based control of hazards posed by chemical air pollution both in newly built houses that are at the approval stage and already exploited ones. Formaldehyde, benzene, phenol, styrene, acetophenone, ethylbenzene, hexanal, nonanal, butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, and trimethylbenzene are the most hygienically significant volatile organic compounds for quality control and health risk assessment considering frequency of their occurrence, concentration levels, concentrations exceeding MPC, group affiliation, hazard category, and ability to transform. When controlling natural chemicals that occur in air in dwelling due to some internal pollution sources, we should bear in mind that transformation may result in a new structure of pollution and new occurring chemicals can be more toxic and hazardous than original ones. To minimize risks associated with exposure to chemical pollution and to assess chemical safety of air in dwelling, we recommend wider use of up-to-date physical and chemical methods for qualitative and quantitative analysis thereby securing identification of a wide range of pollutants including potentially hazardous ones. Since certain chemicals have been detected for which no safety criteria have been developed so far, it is especially vital to perform research in the sphere of hygienic standardization and to develop methodical documents aimed at providing adequate hygienic assessment of quality and chemical safety of internal environment in dwelling.

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“…Их объединяет совокупность признаков рабочей среды: ограниченное пространство, скученность персонала, недостаточная организация воздухообмена, применение разнообразных полимерных отделочных материалов, влияние климатических условий. Как указывают результаты многих исследований, уровень загрязнения воздуха закрытых помещений в 2-5 раз выше 1 , чем наружного атмосферного воздуха [3][4][5][6][7].…”

unclassified

“…Внутренняя среда подвергается влиянию эмиссии загрязняющих веществ из отделочных материалов, моющих средств, а также продуктов метаболизма человека. Согласно Руководству ВОЗ 3 и литературным данным, это летучие соединения, относящиеся к различным классам веществальдегиды, предельные, непредельные и ароматические углеводороды, фенолы, формальдегид; антропотоксины -оксиды азота, углекислый газ, фенолы, ацетон, аммиак и др. [1,[8][9][10].…”

unclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Identification of Priority Air Pollutants in Confined Spaces

Markova¹,

Zaritskaya²,

Kir’yanova³

et al. 2021

PH&LE

1

0

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Introduction: Owing to the rapid development of digital technologies, most people nowadays are working indoors while using no machinery or equipment and being unexposed to volatile industrial chemicals. Yet, people staying inside for too long often complain of poor indoor air quality and microclimate. Our objective was to study air pollutants in a simulation experiment with continuous human occupancy inside unventilated confined spaces. Materials and methods: Up-to-date sensitive analytical techniques, such as photoionization, laser nephelometry, gas-phase chemiluminescence, spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLCDAD) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), were used to determine indoor air pollutants. Results: We compared changes in airborne concentrations of nitrogen oxides, prop-2-enenitrile, acetaldehyde, benzene, but-2-enal, airborne particulate matter (PM2,5 and PM10), methylbenzene, 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene, formaldehyde, prop-2-en-1-al, carbon oxide and dioxide following 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 hours of stay of volunteers in a 15.9 m2 room (4.0 m2 per person; a 2.55 m ceiling height) against background levels. The established human occupancy-related priority pollutants included acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, prop-2-en-1-al, and carbon dioxide. Laboratory testing showed the presence of 83 volatile and semivolatile organic chemicals in the unventilated room, among which aromatic hydrocarbons, esters and aldehydes prevailed. Conclusion: Our findings could be useful for designing ventilation systems in confined spaces and optimizing the workbreak schedule during the working hours.

show abstract

Chemical air pollution in dwelling as a health risk factor

Malysheva¹,

Kalinina²,

Yudin³

2022

Health Risk Analysis

1

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Up-to-date techniques applied in physical-chemical studies made it possible to identify and quantify chemical pollutants in the air inside contemporary dwelling in a large megacity and then create a database on them. This database has a list of more than 600 chemicals from 18 groups of volatile hydrocarbons and covers hygienic standards for their contents, their hazard category, and ranges of detected concentrations. Major sources of air pollution with these chemicals in dwelling were also identified. From the hygienic point of view, a significant fact is that there are no hygienic standards for more than 60 % of chemicals detected in air in dwelling. Formaldehyde, phenol, and styrene are priority chemicals for quality monitoring and risk-based control of hazards posed by chemical air pollution both in newly built houses that are at the approval stage and already exploited ones. Formaldehyde, benzene, phenol, styrene, acetophenone, ethylbenzene, hexanal, nonanal, butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, and trimethylbenzene are the most hygienically significant volatile organic compounds for quality control and health risk assessment considering frequency of their occurrence, concentration levels, concentrations exceeding MPC, group affiliation, hazard category, and ability to transform. When controlling natural chemicals that occur in air in dwelling due to some internal pollution sources, we should bear in mind that transformation may result in a new structure of pollution and new occurring chemicals can be more toxic and hazardous than original ones. To minimize risks associated with exposure to chemical pollution and to assess chemical safety of air in dwelling, we recommend wider use of up-to-date physical and chemical methods for qualitative and quantitative analysis thereby securing identification of a wide range of pollutants including potentially hazardous ones. Since certain chemicals have been detected for which no safety criteria have been developed so far, it is especially vital to perform research in the sphere of hygienic standardization and to develop methodical documents aimed at providing adequate hygienic assessment of quality and chemical safety of internal environment in dwelling.

show abstract

On the Issue of Hygienic Requirements for Air Quality of Enclosed Spaces at Housing Construction Projects at the Stage of Commissioning

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Chemical air pollution in dwelling as a health risk factor

Chemical air pollution in dwelling as a health risk factor

Identification of Priority Air Pollutants in Confined Spaces

Chemical air pollution in dwelling as a health risk factor

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