On the human vertebra computational modeling: a literature review

Molinari, Leonardo; Falcinelli, Cristina

doi:10.1007/s11012-021-01452-x

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 147 publications

(247 reference statements)

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“…Subject-specific finite element modeling can provide valuable quantitative biomechanical information to clinicians through non-invasive, time, and cost effective means ( Nikkhoo et al, 2019 ). Since traditional methods of investigating IVD degeneration are difficult to measure directly and often do not represent the human disc, personalized modeling could be the solution for planning surgery or prescribing biotherapies for disc degeneration ( Hu et al, 2019 ; Molinari and Falcinelli, 2021 ).…”

Section: Limitations Of the Models And Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Modeling Intervertebral Disc Pathophysiology: A Review

et al. 2022

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Lower back pain is a medical condition of epidemic proportion, and the degeneration of the intervertebral disc has been identified as a major contributor. The etiology of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is multifactorial, depending on age, cell-mediated molecular degradation processes and genetics, which is accelerated by traumatic or gradual mechanical factors. The complexity of such intertwined biochemical and mechanical processes leading to degeneration makes it difficult to quantitatively identify cause–effect relationships through experiments. Computational modeling of the IVD is a powerful investigative tool since it offers the opportunity to vary, observe and isolate the effects of a wide range of phenomena involved in the degenerative process of discs. This review aims at discussing the main findings of finite element models of IVD pathophysiology with a special focus on the different factors contributing to physical changes typical of degenerative phenomena. Models presented are subdivided into those addressing role of nutritional supply, progressive biochemical alterations stemming from an imbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes, aging and those considering mechanical factors as the primary source that induces morphological change within the disc. Limitations of the current models, as well as opportunities for future computational modeling work are also discussed.

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Section: Limitations Of the Models And Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Modeling Intervertebral Disc Pathophysiology: A Review

et al. 2022

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“…The implementation of various failure criteria in bone fracture analysis has been extensively discussed in two recent review articles. 1,2 Thus far, there is no general agreement on the best choice, while some authors have strongly argued about the superiority of the strain-based criteria.…”

Section: Failure Criterionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In practice, the complex geometry and heterogeneous/anisotropic material properties of bone necessitate the usage of sophisticated methods like image‐based finite element analysis (FEA) in fracture studies of bone. Three recent comprehensive reviews on the implementation of such methods contain several key papers on this important topic 1–3 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three recent comprehensive reviews on the implementation of such methods contain several key papers on this important topic. [1][2][3] In particular, there have been a number of reports on the implementation of the quantitative computed tomography (QCT)based FEA of a human femur, with advantages and limitations which will be discussed in different sections of the paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fracture analysis of healthy and osteoporotic femora using clinical CT images, phantomless densitometry, and linear FE method

Mirzaei

Jafari

Allaveisi

et al. 2022

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Computational fracture analysis has become a growing branch of orthopedic research. Particularly, the associated methods provide reliable tools for the analysis of 3D CT-based models of bone. This paper reports the results of such analyses for 15 human femora (healthy and osteoporotic) under different loading orientations (85 different analysis cases). A new method was developed for the calculation of the density distribution in the models from ordinary clinical CT images without calibration phantom. This method, along with a strain-energy-based linear finite element (FE) analysis scheme, was used to predict the fracture strength and pattern of 10 cadaveric femora, for which the mechanical testing results and calibrated FE models were already available. The very good agreement and consistency between different sets of results showed the reliability and accuracy of the new density calibration method, as well as the linear analysis scheme. Accordingly, the method was applied to five new clinical images, gathered from two clinics that used different scanners with different protocols. The strength and fracture pattern of each one of these specimens were analyzed under 15 different loading conditions. A consistent behavior was found for variation of the fracture load and pattern of all specimens with the loading orientations, while very clear contrasts were observed between the strength amplitudes of healthy and osteoporotic specimens. The proposed methods can be easily applied to ordinary daily (even archived) clinical CT scans to conduct fast and reliable fracture analysis of human femora for general bone research and opportunistic studies of osteoporosis and trauma.

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CT-based finite element simulating spatial bone damage accumulation predicts metastatic human vertebrae strength and stiffness

Soltani,

Xu,

Radovitzky

et al. 2024

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Introduction: Pathologic vertebral fractures are devastating for patients with spinal metastases. However, the mechanical process underlying these fractures is poorly understood, limiting physician’s ability to predict which vertebral bodies will fail.Method: Here, we show the development of a damage-based finite element framework producing highly reliable pathologic vertebral strength and stiffness predictions from X-Ray computed tomography (CT) data. We evaluated the performance of specimen-specific material calibration vs. global material calibration across osteosclerotic, osteolytic, and mixed lesion vertebrae that we derived using a machine learning approach.Results: The FE framework using global calibration strongly predicted the pathologic vertebrae stiffness (R2 = 0.90, p < 0.0001) and strength (R2 = 0.83, p = 0.0002) despite the remarkable variance in the pathologic bone structure and density. Specimen-specific calibration produced a near-perfect prediction of both stiffness and strength (R2 = 0.99, p < 0.0001, for both), validating the FE approach. The FE damage-based simulations highlighted the differences in the pattern of spatial damage evolution between osteosclerotic and osteolytic vertebral bodies.Discussion: With failure, the FE simulation suggested a common damage evolution pathway progressing largely localized to the low bone modulus regions within the vertebral volume. Applying this FE approach may allow us to predict the onset and anatomical location of vertebral failure, which is critical for developing image-based diagnostics of impending pathologic vertebral fractures.

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On the human vertebra computational modeling: a literature review

Cited by 3 publications

References 147 publications

Computational Modeling Intervertebral Disc Pathophysiology: A Review

Computational Modeling Intervertebral Disc Pathophysiology: A Review

Fracture analysis of healthy and osteoporotic femora using clinical CT images, phantomless densitometry, and linear FE method

CT-based finite element simulating spatial bone damage accumulation predicts metastatic human vertebrae strength and stiffness

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