On the Evolution of a Long‐Lived Mesoscale Convective Vortex that Acted as a Crucial Condition for the Extremely Strong Hourly Precipitation in Zhengzhou

Fu, Shenming; Zhang, Yuanchun; Wang, Huijie; Tang, Huan; Li, Wanli; Sun, Jie

doi:10.1029/2021jd036233

Cited by 26 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…From 0600 to 0900 UTC on 20 July, within the key region of the MCV (a 2° × 2° box; Fu, Zhang, et al, 2022; Fu, Tang, et al, 2022), strong convergence dominated below 650 hPa (Figures 4a–d), and at the levels above 650 hPa, intense divergence appeared. This vertical configuration was conducive to maintaining upward motions.…”

Section: Analyses On the Mesoscale Convective Vortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During 17 to 22 July, 2021, an extreme heavy rainfall event (HRE) occurred in Henan Province (hereafter “21.7” HRE). As released by the government of Henan Province, more than 14.78 million people across the province have been affected with 398 dead or missing, and a direct economic loss of up to ~120 billion Yuan has been caused (Fu, Tang, et al, 2022; Fu, Zhang, et al, 2022; Li et al, 2022; Yin et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary characteristics of the extreme heavy rainfall event over Henan in July 2021

Sun

Wang

et al. 2022

Atmospheric Science Letters

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During mid‐July 2021, an extreme heavy rainfall event (HRE) occurred in Henan Province (hereafter “21.7” HRE), with extreme hourly precipitation of 201.9 mm appearing at Zhengzhou station. Our preliminary analyses of the “21.7” HRE using the observations and ECMWF (European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts) ERA5 reanalysis data, reached the following conclusions. Favorable configurations of various synoptic weather systems (e.g., strong upper‐level high‐pressure ridge, intense middle‐level low‐pressure trough) acted as crucial background conditions for the occurrence of the “21.7” HRE. A 21‐h long‐lived mesoscale convective vortex (MCV), mainly located in the middle and lower troposphere west of Zhengzhou city, was a key system that produced the extreme hourly rainfall of 201.9 mm·h−1. The MCV's development/sustainment was dominated by the vertical transport of cyclonic vorticity and tilting, as well as the horizontal import of cyclonic vorticity to the vortex's key region. In contrast, the divergence‐related vertical shrinking was the most detrimental factor. Lagrangian moisture transport analysis showed that moisture for the extreme heavy rainfall in Zhengzhou on July 20 mainly came from levels below 2200 m, driven by airflows on the peripheries of tropical cyclones IN‐FA and CEMPAKA. To enhance the understanding of “21.7” HRE, we suggest more in‐depth investigations in the future.

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Section: Analyses On the Mesoscale Convective Vortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary characteristics of the extreme heavy rainfall event over Henan in July 2021

Sun

Wang

et al. 2022

Atmospheric Science Letters

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“…The maximum hourly rainfall in Zhengzhou, the provincial capital, reached 201.9 mm. The event resulted in more than 300 casualties and large amounts of damage to properties (Chen et al., 2022; Yin et al., 2022) and attracted widespread attention from researchers (Fu et al., 2022; Nie & Sun, 2022). The ensemble‐based analysis and numerical simulations in the previous two parts of this study (Xu, Duan, Li, et al., 2022; Xu, Duan, Xu, 2022) suggested that the southerly flow had a key role in the water vapor, energy, and the intensity and location of the convergence zone in the Henan region, and also significantly affected the intensity of precipitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect Effects of Binary Typhoons on an Extreme Rainfall Event in Henan Province, China From 19 to 21 July 2021. 3. Sensitivities to Microphysics Schemes

Zhao

Yin

et al. 2023

JGR Atmospheres

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It is well known that complex microphysical processes determine the characteristics of cloud particle populations as a response to the resolved atmospheric motion and as feedback to the atmospheric environment via the action of individual cloud particles Khain et al., 2015). Thus, microphysical processes are crucial in the accurate prediction of the intensity and areal extent of rainfall because they have important roles in the phase changes of water and the transfer of thermal energy (Ferrier et al., 1995;Gao et al., 2021;Xue et al., 2017). However, the representation of microphysical processes is still uncertain, even with state-of-the-art microphysics

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“…Thereafter, the moisture converged mainly over Henan Province, where the topography is characterized by high mountains in the west (Taihang Mountains and the Funiu Mountains) and is thus favorable for ascending motion and corresponding heavy rainfall (Liang et al., 2022; Ran et al., 2021; Yin et al., 2022). Both strong ascending motion and abundant moisture supply were responsible for the occurrence of extreme flooding (Fu et al., 2022; S. Zhang et al., 2022). The regional numerical model, to some extent, can reproduce synoptic systems and extreme rainfall (X. Y. Wang et al., 2022; Yin et al., 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subseasonal Predictability of the July 2021 Extreme Rainfall Event Over Henan China in S2S Operational Models

2023

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Early warning and accurate forecasting of weather and climate extremes are critical to avoid natural disasters that damage human lives, especially in megacities. Heavy rainfall can engender widespread flooding, landslides or mudslides, and urban waterlogging, causing substantial economic losses and casualties (Blöschl et al., 2017;Field et al., 2012;Gariano & Guzzetti, 2016). The warning of extreme rainfall is largely determined by the effective leading time of dynamical forecasting systems. While numerical weather prediction (NWP) is an indispensable tool for handling extreme rainfall events, forecasting on the subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) time scale (10-90 days) may add the value of advance warning to better preparedness and emergency measures (Merz et al., 2020;White et al., 2022).The S2S prediction project releases operational forecasts and reforecasts, with particular emphasis on high-impact weather events (Vitart et al., 2017), which provide a valuable tool for risk management and communication with

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On the Evolution of a Long‐Lived Mesoscale Convective Vortex that Acted as a Crucial Condition for the Extremely Strong Hourly Precipitation in Zhengzhou

Cited by 26 publications

References 34 publications

Primary characteristics of the extreme heavy rainfall event over Henan in July 2021

Primary characteristics of the extreme heavy rainfall event over Henan in July 2021

Indirect Effects of Binary Typhoons on an Extreme Rainfall Event in Henan Province, China From 19 to 21 July 2021. 3. Sensitivities to Microphysics Schemes

Subseasonal Predictability of the July 2021 Extreme Rainfall Event Over Henan China in S2S Operational Models

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