On the dynamics of population inversion for 3 mu m Er/sup 3+/ lasers

Lupeǐ, V.; Georgescu, S.; Florea, V.

doi:10.1109/3.199297

Cited by 75 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The value of 1 at% Er:GdTaO4 is comparable with those in other Er 3+ -doped systems and larger than that of 30 at% Er:GdTaO4 crystal. High Er 3+ doping concentration is proposed to overcome the self-terminating "bottleneck" effect by inducing upconversion (UC) and crossrelaxation (CR) processes [36]. However, the fluorescence intensity of 2 H11/2, 4 F9/2, and 4 S3/2 states is quenched at high Er 3+ concentration.…”

Section: Er:gdtao4 Crystalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare-Earth Tantalates and Niobates Single Crystals: Promising Scintillators and Laser Materials

et al. 2018

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Rare-earth tantalates, with high density and monoclinic structure, and niobates with monoclinic structure have been paid great attention as potential optical materials. In the last decade, we focused on the crystal growth technology of rare-earth tantalates and niobates and studied their luminescence and physical properties. A series of rare-earth tantalates and niobates crystals have been grown by the Czochralski method successfully. In this work, we summarize the research results on the crystal growth, scintillation, and laser properties of them, including the absorption and emission spectra, spectral parameters, energy levels structure, and so on. Most of the tantalates and niobates exhibit excellent luminescent properties, rich physical properties, and good chemical stability, indicating that they are potential outstanding scintillators and laser materials.

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Section: Er:gdtao4 Crystalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare-Earth Tantalates and Niobates Single Crystals: Promising Scintillators and Laser Materials

et al. 2018

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“…In addition, it should be pointed out that another up-conversion process ( 4 I 11/2 -4 I 15/2 )+( 4 I 11/2 -4 F 7/2 ), as shown in Fig. 4(c), followed by the multiphonon transitions to 4 S 3/2 , will generate green and red emission and deactivate the initial laser level, but this negative effect can be compensated by the mentioned cross-relaxation mechanism involving 4 S 3/2 [17].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and radiation resistant properties of 2.7–2.8μm Yb,Er:GSGG laser crystal

Sun

Luo

Zhang

et al. 2011

Journal of Crystal Growth

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“…1) favors a large variety of other energy transfer processes, such as ETU from 4 I 11/2 [11], cross-relaxation from 4 S 3/2 [12,13] and cross-relaxation from 4 I 9/2 [14,15]. As a result of these energy transfer processes, the population inversion for high erbium concentrations and high pump levels depends no more on the lifetimes of the laser levels, but on the ratio of the ETU parameters (more precisely, on the square root of this ratio) [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the efficiency of the erbium three micron laser depends essentially on the ratio of the ETU parameters [18,33], we shall focus our attention on the determination of this ratio in Er:YAG crystals and on the determination of its concentration dependence. Using a simplified rate equation model, very convenient for concentrated Er:YAG, we fit the experimental decays of the 4 I 11/2 level in Er:YAG for several erbium concentrations and for various pump intensities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%