On the distillation of waste tire pyrolysis oil: A structural characterization of the derived fractions

Campuzano, Felipe; Jameel, Abdul Gani Abdul; Zhang, Wen; Emwas, Abdul‐Hamid; Agudelo, Andrés; Martínez, Juan Daniel; Sarathy, S. Mani

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2020.120041

Cited by 66 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Therefore, expressing a fuel's chemical composition by means of functional groups enables us to capture its chemical nature and predict its DCN. 1 H NMR spectroscopy is an advanced analytical technique that can qualitatively and quantitatively estimate the fuels functional groups as shown in a number of works [79][80][81][82][83][84]. Oxygenated fuels containing alcohol OH and ether O functionalities can be divided into eight functional groups namely paraffinic CH3 groups, paraffinic CH2 groups, paraffinic CH groups, olefinic -CH=CH2 groups, naphthenic CH-CH2 groups, aromatic C-CH groups, alcoholic OH groups and ether O groups and serve as inputs to develop a DCN model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Ignition Quality of Oxygenated Fuels Using Artificial Neural Networks

Jameel

Oudenhoven

Naser

et al. 2021

SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr.

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Artificial intelligence based computing systems like artificial neural networks (ANN) have recently found increasing applications in predicting complex chemical phenomena like combustion properties. The present work deals with the development of an ANN model which can predict the derived cetane number (DCN) of oxygenated fuels containing alcohol and ether functionalities. Experimental DCN's of 499 fuels comprising of 116 pure compounds, 222 pure compound blends, and 159 real fuel blends were used as the dataset for model development. DCN measurements of sixty new fuels were carried out in the present work and the data for the rest was collected from the literature. Fuel chemical composition expressed in the form of eight functional groups namely paraffinic CH3 groups, paraffinic CH2 groups, paraffinic CH groups, olefinic -CH=CH2 groups, naphthenic CH-CH2 groups, aromatic C-CH groups, alcoholic OH groups and ether O groups, along with two structural parameters namely, molecular weight and branching index (BI), were used as the ten input features of the model. The qualitative and quantitative determination of functional groups present in real fuels was performed using 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. A robust ANN methodology was followed to prevent over fitting using a multilevel grid search and genetic algorithm. The final developed model with two hidden layers was tested with 15 % of randomly generated unseen points from the dataset and a regression coefficient (R 2 ) of 0.992 was observed between the experimental and predicted DCN values. An average absolute error of 0.91 obtained from the test set indicates that the developed ANN model is successful in predicting the DCN of oxygenated fuels and captures the dependence of the fuel's ignition quality (i.e. DCN) on its constituent functional groups.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Ignition Quality of Oxygenated Fuels Using Artificial Neural Networks

Jameel

Oudenhoven

Naser

et al. 2021

SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr.

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“…Campuzano et al recently reported distillation of pyrolysis oil from waste tires. They confirmed that the most significant molecular classes found in the fractions were pure hydrocarbons and hydrocarbons containing impurities of one sulfur atom [ 14 ]. They also revealed the existence of light aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene, as well as aliphatic-like limonene in those compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Waste NR Latex Based-Precursors as Carbon Source for CNTs Eco-Fabrications

et al. 2021

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In this work, the potential of utilizing a waste latex-based precursor (i.e., natural rubber glove (NRG)) as a carbon source for carbon nanotube (CNT) fabrication via chemical vapor deposition has been demonstrated. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis reveals that the separation of the lightweight hydrocarbon chain from the heavier long chain differs in hydrocarbon contents in the NRG fraction (NRG-L). Both solid NRG (NRG-S) and NRG-L samples contain >63% carbon, <0.6% sulfur and <0.08% nitrogen content, respectively, as per carbon-nitrogen-sulfur (CNS) analysis. Growth of CNTs on the samples was confirmed by Raman spectra, SEM and TEM images, whereby it was shown that NRG-S is better than NRG-L in terms of synthesized CNTs yield percentage with similar quality. The optimum vaporization and reaction temperatures were 350 and 800 °C, respectively, considering the balance of good yield percentage (26.7%) and quality of CNTs (ID/IG = 0.84 ± 0.08, diameter ≈ 122 nm) produced. Thus, utilization of waste NRG as a candidate for carbon feedstock to produce value-added CNTs products could be a significant approach for eco-technology.

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“…WTPO can also be directly used in generators, boilers, and combustion engines owing to its high heating value. However, as mentioned, WTPO contains relatively high amounts of sulfur and has high viscosity, which further requires catalytic upgrading if it is to be used as a fuel in vehicles [25,26].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Wtpomentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Desulfurization Processes Used for Waste Tire Pyrolysis Oil

Hossain

Choi

2021

Catalysts

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The increasing global population and the rapid industrial development associated therewith have increased the demand for fossil-derived fuel oils. The sources of fossil fuels are limited, and many studies have been being conducted to find alternative fuel sources. Waste tire pyrolysis oil (WTPO) attracts considerable attention as an alternative fuel because its properties are similar to those of diesel oil. However, WTPO has a high sulfur content of >1.0 wt%, which is above the environmental standard limit of 0.1 wt%; therefore, it cannot be used in engines directly. It is thus highly necessary to remove sulfur compounds from tire-derived oils. However, finding an appropriate and environmentally friendly process is proving difficult. This review article presents the various desulfurization methods used to removal sulfur from WTPO, such as hydrodesulfurization (HDS), oxidative desulfurization (ODS), ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization (UAOD), and acid treatment. Of these, HDS is the most expensive as it involves high consumption of hydrogen, high temperature (~450 °C), and high pressure (~200 bar), whereas UAOD is an efficient and economic method of reducing the sulfur content of WTPO.

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On the distillation of waste tire pyrolysis oil: A structural characterization of the derived fractions

Cited by 66 publications

References 76 publications

Predicting Ignition Quality of Oxygenated Fuels Using Artificial Neural Networks

Predicting Ignition Quality of Oxygenated Fuels Using Artificial Neural Networks

Waste NR Latex Based-Precursors as Carbon Source for CNTs Eco-Fabrications

A Review of the Desulfurization Processes Used for Waste Tire Pyrolysis Oil

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