On the development of direct metal laser sintering for rapid tooling

Simchi, A.; Petzoldt, F.; Pohl, H.

doi:10.1016/s0924-0136(03)00283-8

Cited by 225 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The rate of increase was the largest for low values of energy density, eventually plateauing as the energy density reached the highest values for this study. Increasing bulk density with increasing energy density was also shown by Gu et al [10], Simchi et al [17], and Vandenbroucke and Kruth [6] using other metal powders and AM processes. Liu et al [9] and Kempen et al [1] also found that decreasing scan speed, which causes an increase in energy density, resulted in a corresponding increase in density.…”

Section: Bulk Densitysupporting

confidence: 64%

The effects of laser powder bed fusion process parameters on material hardness and density for nickel alloy 625

Brown¹,

Jacob²,

Possolo³

et al. 2018

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The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between mechanical and material properties (including density) of manufactured nickel super alloy (IN625) using a laser powder bed fusion process and three process parameters: laser power, hatch distance, and scan speed. Hardness of the manufactured blocks was measured as a representative of the mechanical properties. Density measurements were carried out using the pyncometry method. Three sets of blocks were manufactured using IN625 metal powder (nitrogen gas atomized) on a laser powder bed fusion machine. Different combinations of process parameters yielded different energy densities for each block for the three builds. The laser scan speed, laser power, hatch distance, and energy density all had statistically significant relationships with hardness. The average bulk density increased non-linearly with increasing values of energy density. A similar trend was in the hardness data. The results of this study served as a guide to determine the range of parameters yielding acceptable material properties for the investigation of process parameter sensitivities during a subsequent IN625 round robin study.

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Section: Bulk Densitysupporting

confidence: 64%

The effects of laser powder bed fusion process parameters on material hardness and density for nickel alloy 625

Brown¹,

Jacob²,

Possolo³

et al. 2018

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“…This feature as well as the ability to create highly complex geometrical shapes, which are often not possible, or at least very difficult to make by conventional manufacturing processes, promote these technologies as perfect candidates for moulding and rapid tooling (RT) (Simchi et al, 2003;Pessard et al 2008). This is why MLS technologies attract a great attention of mouldmakers for more than a decade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Laser Sintering for Rapid Tooling in Application to Tyre Tread Pattern Mould

Milovanović¹,

Stojković²,

Trajanović³

2012

Sintering - Methods and Products

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“…In this paper, surface quality was defined as the principal metric to observe track quality and overlapping effectiveness. Based on the definitions put forward in References [24][25][26][27][28], the linear energy input model in Reference [28] was used to investigate the influence of energy input on surface morphology and melting status.…”

Section: Classification Of Surface Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Selective Laser Melting of Ti6Al4V: Surface Morphologies, Optimized Processing Zone, and Ductility Improvement Mechanism

Wang

Dou

Yang

2018

Metals

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Abstract:The quality and mechanical properties of titanium alloy fabricated using selective laser melting (SLM) are critical to the adoption of the process which has long been impeded by the lack of uniformity in SLM-fabrication parameter optimization. In order to address this problem, laser power and scanning speed were combined into linear energy density as an independent variable, while surface morphology was defined as a metric. Based on full-factor experiments, the surface quality of SLM-fabricated titanium alloy was classified into five zones: severe over-melting zone, high-energy density nodulizing zone, smooth forming zone, low-energy density nodulizing zone, and sintering zone. The mechanism resulting in the creation of each zone was analyzed. Parameter uniformity was achieved by establishing a parameter window for each zone, and it also revealed that under smooth forming conditions, the relationship of linear energy density to the quality of the formed surface is not linear. It was also found that fabrication efficiency could be improved in the condition of the formation of a smooth surface by increasing laser power and scanning speed. In addition, maximum elongation of the SLM-fabricated titanium alloy increased when the densified parts were processed using an appropriate heat treatment, from a low value of 5.79% to 10.28%. The mechanisms of change in ductility of the alloy were thoroughly analyzed from the perspectives of surface microstructure and fracture morphology. Results indicate that after heat treatment, the microcosmic structure of the alloy was converted from acicular martensite α' phase to a layered α+β double-phase structure, the fracture type also changed from quasi-cleavage to ductile fracture.

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On the development of direct metal laser sintering for rapid tooling

Cited by 225 publications

References 12 publications

The effects of laser powder bed fusion process parameters on material hardness and density for nickel alloy 625

The effects of laser powder bed fusion process parameters on material hardness and density for nickel alloy 625

Metal Laser Sintering for Rapid Tooling in Application to Tyre Tread Pattern Mould

Research on Selective Laser Melting of Ti6Al4V: Surface Morphologies, Optimized Processing Zone, and Ductility Improvement Mechanism

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