On the development of a green composites based on poly (lactic acid)/poly (butylene succinate) blend matrix reinforced by long flax fibers

Ketata, N.; Seantier, Bastien; Guermazi, Noamen; Grohens, Yves

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2021.10.493

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Samples with flax fibre reinforcement showcased improved ultimate strength and elastic modulus properties when compared to neat PLA, neat PBS, and hybrid PLA/PBS samples. However, the deformation ability tends to decrease with added fibre content [36]. Tensile tests showed that the neat PP sample possessed the highest tensile strength recorded at 32.93 MPa.…”

Section: Recent Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Recent Developments of Natural Fibres: Natural Fibre Biocomposites, Treatments, and Characterizations

Uyanik

Ertürk

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Natural fibres are highly desirable in composites as they are renewable, biodegradable, and cost-effective. They are also abundant in nature with many different types available all over the world. However, despite their advantages, key challenges such as poor fibre-matrix interfacial bonding and moisture absorption limit their widespread adoption in more sophisticated applications. This article provides an overview of natural fibres, including classifications, types, properties, advantages, and disadvantages, with a subsequent review of recent studies, focusing on fibre-matrix selection, treatment methods, and characterization to better understand the current situation. It is apparent from these studies that water absorption is a significant challenge due to the inherent hydrophilic nature of natural fibres as even after treatments like mercerization and silane were applied, substantial amounts of absorption were observed. The effects of powder fillers also vary, with beneficial effects up to a certain proportion, beyond which they became detrimental.

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Section: Recent Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Recent Developments of Natural Fibres: Natural Fibre Biocomposites, Treatments, and Characterizations

Uyanik

Ertürk

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…The tensile modulus was calculated from the linear part of the stress-strain curve at the beginning of the loading between 0.05% and 0.1% strain. 1 The values of the elastic modulus, maximum stress, and strain at break were determined for each sample. At least five samples were tested for each test to ensure reproducibility.…”

Section: Tensile Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The injection time was fixed at 0.25 s, and the cycle time was 54 s. The recommended temperatures for the composite injection range from 180°C to 200°C, as reported elsewhere. 1 A 20-s cooling time was set prior to manual part picking. 20 molded specimens of each type were kept for testing.…”

Section: Materials and Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, combining two biodegradable polymers may enhance their processability, improve their physical properties, and simultaneously decrease the production cost. Ketata et al 1 have found that following the incorporation of 20 wt% Polybutylene succinate (PBS) into the PLA matrix, the elongation at break improved by 42%. Flax fiber-reinforced PLA is one of the more promising biocomposites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the hybridization effect on mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced biosourced composites

Ketata,

Ejday,

Grohens

et al. 2024

Journal of Composite Materials

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Hybridizing the natural fibers with stronger synthetic fibers could significantly improve the properties of the natural fiber-reinforced composites. The improved mechanical capabilities of fiber reinforced polymers result from the fiber’s capacity for withstanding a more substantial portion of the mechanical load compared to the matrix it replaces. In order to guarantee the efficient transfer of the mechanical load from the matrix to the reinforcement, it is necessary to incorporate a fibrous filler. Transference takes place when the length of the fiber is longer than a specific critical length. Fibers which are shorter than the critical length will pull out from the matrix when tested to a tensile load. In some cases, complete transfer of the load is not performed. The goal of this study is to learn more about flax (FF), glass (GF), and mixtures of flax and glass (FF + GF) short fiber-reinforced PLA-PBS composites. This is performed to find out how the flax/glass combination affects the mechanical properties of PLA-PBS-reinforced short fiber composites. In order to extend their use for industrial applications, these composites were manufactured via extrusion and, afterward, injection molding. Fiber aspect ratios were followed after compounding and injection processing. The analysis of fiber lengths reveals a noteworthy observation: the proportion of fibers exceeding their critical length of 531 µm and 772 µm for FF and GF, respectively, is more significant when flax fibers (FF) and glass fibers (GF) are combined compared to when they reinforce the composite individually. Specifically, the composite containing both FF and GF exhibits a higher percentage of fibers surpassing their critical length, compared to their individual reinforcement in the composite. The results reveal that 27% of individually extracted single FF exceed their critical length, whereas a higher proportion, at 34%, is observed when FF is part of the composite mixture. In contrast, the critical length is surpassed by only 4% of individually extracted single GF, whereas the combined presence of GF in the composite results in a notably higher percentage, at 19%. The tensile properties of these composites were investigated considering the effect of the hybridization by flax/glass short fibers. It was noted that the tensile properties of the hybrid composites increase comparing to the flax composites from 42.4 MPa to 53 MPa for the tensile strength and from 4.9 GPa to 5.4 GPa for the tensile modulus. In contrast, the elongation at break of the hybrid composites decreases from 1.7% to 1.5% with the incorporation of glass fibers. The experimental results were compared with the predictions of the mixture law and the Cox-Krenchel model. The findings indicate that mixing synthetic fibers with natural fibers is an excellent approach to enhancing mechanical properties.

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“…Usually, the presence of the fibres enhances the thermal stability of the composites and their mechanical tensile/flexural modulus and strength [96][97][98]. Some authors considered PLA blended with PBS [99,100], with natural rubber [101], or PLA grafted with maleic anhydride to improve the fibre-matrix compatibility.…”

Section: Use Of Agri-food Waste As Fillermentioning

confidence: 99%

Agri-Food Wastes for Bioplastics: European Prospective on Possible Applications in Their Second Life for a Circular Economy

et al. 2022

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Agri-food wastes (such as brewer’s spent grain, olive pomace, residual pulp from fruit juice production, etc.) are produced annually in very high quantities posing a serious problem, both environmentally and economically. These wastes can be used as secondary starting materials to produce value-added goods within the principles of the circular economy. In this context, this review focuses on the use of agri-food wastes either to produce building blocks for bioplastics manufacturing or biofillers to be mixed with other bioplastics. The pros and cons of the literature analysis have been highlighted, together with the main aspects related to the production of bioplastics, their use and recycling. The high number of European Union (EU)-funded projects for the valorisation of agri-food waste with the best European practices for this industrial sector confirm a growing interest in safeguarding our planet from environmental pollution. However, problems such as the correct labelling and separation of bioplastics from fossil ones remain open and to be optimised, with the possibility of reuse before final composting and selective recovery of biomass.

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On the development of a green composites based on poly (lactic acid)/poly (butylene succinate) blend matrix reinforced by long flax fibers

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Recent Developments of Natural Fibres: Natural Fibre Biocomposites, Treatments, and Characterizations

Recent Developments of Natural Fibres: Natural Fibre Biocomposites, Treatments, and Characterizations

Investigation of the hybridization effect on mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced biosourced composites

Agri-Food Wastes for Bioplastics: European Prospective on Possible Applications in Their Second Life for a Circular Economy

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