On some new or poorly-known species of the millipede family Polydesmidae from southern China (Diplopoda: Polydesmida)

Golovatch, Sergei I.; Geoffroy, Jean‐Jacques

doi:10.15298/rusentj.23.2.01

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Altogether it contains 70+ species, mainly in Japan from where numerous troglobionts are known. Only 17 species of Epanerchodus have hitherto been recorded in mainland China (Golovatch 2014a, 2014b, Golovatch and Geoffroy 2014); at least 6 of them are presumed troglobionts which are all encountered only in southern China (Geoffroy and Golovatch 2004, Golovatch, Liu et al 2012, Golovatch and Geoffroy 2014). The distribution of Pacidesmus Golovatch, 1991 (Figs 5 and 9) is even more spectacular: one species has been found at 2200–2500 m elevations in northern Thailand, whereas the remaining eight known congeners are troglobionts in southern China (Golovatch, Geoffroy and Mauriès 2010, Golovatch and Geoffroy 2014).…”

Section: The Main Lineages Of Cave-dwelling Diplopoda In the Orientalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only 17 species of Epanerchodus have hitherto been recorded in mainland China (Golovatch 2014a, 2014b, Golovatch and Geoffroy 2014); at least 6 of them are presumed troglobionts which are all encountered only in southern China (Geoffroy and Golovatch 2004, Golovatch, Liu et al 2012, Golovatch and Geoffroy 2014). The distribution of Pacidesmus Golovatch, 1991 (Figs 5 and 9) is even more spectacular: one species has been found at 2200–2500 m elevations in northern Thailand, whereas the remaining eight known congeners are troglobionts in southern China (Golovatch, Geoffroy and Mauriès 2010, Golovatch and Geoffroy 2014). Most of the few species of the basically Himalayan genus Glenniea Turk, 1945 are epigean, including one congener found in Guangxi (Golovatch, Liu et al 2012); however, two species of Glenniea , one of which is fairly troglomorphic, have only been encountered in caves of Sichuan (Golovatch and Geoffroy 2014).…”

Section: The Main Lineages Of Cave-dwelling Diplopoda In the Orientalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The distribution of Pacidesmus Golovatch, 1991 (Figs 5 and 9) is even more spectacular: one species has been found at 2200–2500 m elevations in northern Thailand, whereas the remaining eight known congeners are troglobionts in southern China (Golovatch, Geoffroy and Mauriès 2010, Golovatch and Geoffroy 2014). Most of the few species of the basically Himalayan genus Glenniea Turk, 1945 are epigean, including one congener found in Guangxi (Golovatch, Liu et al 2012); however, two species of Glenniea , one of which is fairly troglomorphic, have only been encountered in caves of Sichuan (Golovatch and Geoffroy 2014). …”

Section: The Main Lineages Of Cave-dwelling Diplopoda In the Orientalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cave Diplopoda of southern China with reference to millipede diversity in Southeast Asia

Golovatch¹

2015

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The diversity of Diplopoda in caves of southern China is remarkably high, often 5–6 species per cave, consisting mostly of local endemics and presumed troglobionts. These are evidently biased to just a few lineages, mainly members of the orders Chordeumatida and Callipodida, the families Cambalopsidae (Spirostreptida) and Haplodesmidae (Polydesmida) or the genera Pacidesmus, Epanerchodus and Glenniea (all Polydesmida, Polydesmidae), Trichopeltis (Polydesmida, Cryptodesmidae), Dexmoxytes (Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) and Hyleoglomeris (Glomerida, Glomeridae). All these taxa, especially the Paradoxosomatidae and Cambalopsidae (usually amounting to about 60% and 10% of the total species diversity in the Oriental fauna, respectively), are moderately to highly speciose across Southeast Asia, being largely epigean. However, the epigean Diplopoda of southern China are yet badly understudied, since much of the collecting and taxonomic exploration efforts still focus on cavernicoles. The Oriental Region is the only biogeographic realm globally that harbours all 16 orders of Diplopoda, of which 14 have already been encountered in China and/or the immediately adjacent parts of Indochina. Thus, China may actually prove to support no less than 1,000 millipede species of various origins, mainly Oriental and Palaearctic.

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Section: The Main Lineages Of Cave-dwelling Diplopoda In the Orientalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Main Lineages Of Cave-dwelling Diplopoda In the Orientalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Main Lineages Of Cave-dwelling Diplopoda In the Orientalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cave Diplopoda of southern China with reference to millipede diversity in Southeast Asia

Golovatch¹

2015

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“…Troglobitic species in China belong to six orders and 13 different families. All troglobitic species belong to genera for which numerous epigean species are known, many of them recently described or redescribed from SE Asia [ 92 – 99 ]. These recent discoveries provide us with sufficient material to conduct the first comparative morphological study on the adaptations to cave life in millipedes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent Evolution of Unique Morphological Adaptations to a Subterranean Environment in Cave Millipedes (Diplopoda)

et al. 2017

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Animal life in caves has fascinated researchers and the public alike because of the unusual and sometimes bizarre morphological adaptations observed in numerous troglobitic species. Despite their worldwide diversity, the adaptations of cave millipedes (Diplopoda) to a troglobitic lifestyle have rarely been examined. In this study, morphological characters were analyzed in species belonging to four different orders (Glomerida, Polydesmida, Chordeumatida, and Spirostreptida) and six different families (Glomeridae, Paradoxosomatidae, Polydesmidae, Haplodesmidae, Megalotylidae, and Cambalopsidae) that represent the taxonomic diversity of class Diplopoda. We focused on the recently discovered millipede fauna of caves in southern China. Thirty different characters were used to compare cave troglobites and epigean species within the same genera. A character matrix was created to analyze convergent evolution of cave adaptations. Males and females were analyzed independently to examine sex differences in cave adaptations. While 10 characters only occurred in a few phylogenetic groups, 20 characters were scored for in all families. Of these, four characters were discovered to have evolved convergently in all troglobitic millipedes. The characters that represented potential morphological cave adaptations in troglobitic species were: (1) a longer body; (2) a lighter body color; (3) elongation of the femora; and (4) elongation of the tarsi of walking legs. Surprisingly, female, but not male, antennae were more elongated in troglobites than in epigean species. Our study clearly shows that morphological adaptations have evolved convergently in different, unrelated millipede orders and families, most likely as a direct adaptation to cave life.

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“…Secondly, biogeographically the situation concerning the distribution pattern of Tonkinosoma strongly resembles that not only of Piccola , but of still another millipede genus, i.e., Pacidesmus Golovatch, 1991 (Polydesmida, Polydesmidae). The latter genus has one high-mountain species in northern Thailand and a further eight, all presumed troglobites, in southern China (Golovatch and Geoffroy 2014). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of the millipede genus Tonkinosoma Jeekel, 1953 in China, with the description of the first presumed troglobitic species of this genus (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)

Liu¹,

Golovatch²

2018

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On some new or poorly-known species of the millipede family Polydesmidae from southern China (Diplopoda: Polydesmida)

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Cave Diplopoda of southern China with reference to millipede diversity in Southeast Asia

Cave Diplopoda of southern China with reference to millipede diversity in Southeast Asia

Convergent Evolution of Unique Morphological Adaptations to a Subterranean Environment in Cave Millipedes (Diplopoda)

Occurrence of the millipede genus Tonkinosoma Jeekel, 1953 in China, with the description of the first presumed troglobitic species of this genus (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)

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