On-site treatment and landfilling of MSWI air pollution control residues

Lundtorp, Kasper; Jensen, Dorthe Lærke; Sørensen, Mette Abildgaard; Mosbæk, Hans; Christensen, Thomas Højlund

doi:10.1016/s0304-3894(02)00243-1

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…The results for S were expected, because S was added as FeSO 4 as a part of the treatment and in highest quantities in the case of SD (see Table 1). A comparison of the achieved results with the laboratory studies reported in Jensen et al 8 and Lundtorp et al 9,10 shows that the leaching properties are the same even though the process has been developed with changes in both the process and the scale. This indicates that the leaching properties of treated residues are very robust and only slightly affected by variations in the process.…”

Section: Leaching From Solidsmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…[8][9][10] The process is based on the established facts that many trace metals in natural environments, such as those in soils and sediments, are bound to iron oxides 11 and that engineered iron oxides are able to bind substantial amounts of trace metals. 12 In the Ferrox process, the alkaline APC residue is mixed with an FeSO 4 solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pilot plant studies build on the results from the laboratory-scale studies [8][9][10] but provide much better insight into scale-dependent issues such as process control, aeration of the suspension, filtration, and washing of the treated residues and provide much more reliable data on wastewater composition, leaching characteristics of treated APC residues, and mass balances. The primary objective of the Ferrox process is to treat the APC residues so they can be landfilled in a safe way with a minimum of emissions to the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stabilization of APC Residues from Waste Incineration with Ferrous Sulfate on a Semi-Industrial Scale

Lundtorp

Jensen

Christensen

2002

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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A stabilization method for air pollution control (APC) residues from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) involving mixing of the residue with water and FeSO 4 has been demonstrated on a semi-industrial scale on three types of APC residues: a semidry (SD) APC residue, a fly ash (FA), and an FA mixed with sludge (FAS) from a wet flue gas cleaning system. The process was performed in batches of 165-175 kg residue. It generates a wastewater that is highly saline but has a low content of heavy metals such as Cd, Cr, and Pb. The stabilized and raw residues have been subject to a range of leaching tests: the batch leaching test, the pH-static leaching test, the availability test, and the column test. These tests showed that the stabilized residues have remarkably improved leaching properties, especially with respect to Pb but also with respect to Cd, Cu, and Zn. The release of Pb was reduced by a factor of 250-36,000.

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Section: Leaching From Solidsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Stabilization of APC Residues from Waste Incineration with Ferrous Sulfate on a Semi-Industrial Scale

Lundtorp

Jensen

Christensen

2002

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…5): (1) Washing processes: The objective in this case is generally to remove the soluble salts by using water as a leachant. This process may be used as a first step in more elaborate methodologies (Chimenos et al, 2005;Mangialardi, 2003;Piantone et al, 2003;Nzihou and Sharrock, 2002;Krebs et al, 2001;Lundtorp et al, 2003;Derie, 1996;Mulder, 1996). Kirby and Rimstidt (1994) studied the dominant chemical reactions between water and a mixture of ESP and bottom ash (BA), and concluded that 10 kg of anhydrous salts can be obtained from a tonne of waste.…”

Section: Separation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment and use of air pollution control residues from MSW incineration: An overview

Bordado²,

2008

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This work reviews strategies for the management of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) residues, particularly solid particles collected from flue gases. These tiny particles may be retained by different equipment, with or without additives (lime, activated carbon, etc.), and depending on the different possible combinations, their properties may vary. In industrial plants, the most commonly used equipment for heat recovery and the cleaning of gas emissions are: heat recovery devices (boiler, superheater and economiser); dry, semidry or wet scrubbers; electrostatic precipitators; bag filters; fabric filters, and cyclones. In accordance with the stringent regulations in force in developed countries, these residues are considered hazardous, and therefore must be treated before being disposed of in landfills. Nowadays, research is being conducted into specific applications for these residues in order to prevent landfill practices. There are basically two possible ways of handling these residues: landfill after adequate treatment or recycling as a secondary material. The different types of treatment may be grouped into three categories: separation processes, solidification/stabilization, and thermal methods. These residues generally have limited applications, mainly due to the fact that they tend to contain large quantities of soluble salts (NaCl, KCl, calcium compounds), significant amounts of toxic heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Cd) in forms that may easily leach out, and trace quantities of very toxic organic compounds (dioxin, furans). The most promising materials for recycling this residue are ceramics and glass-ceramic materials.The main purpose of the present paper is to review the published literature in this field. A range of studies have been summarized in a series of tables focusing upon management strategies used in various countries, waste composition, treatment processes and possible applications.

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“…A comparison of leachate characteristics associated with ash monofills is given in Table 1. 15,[23][24][25] As shown, there is wide variability among and within facilities due to differences in waste sources and processing of the ash and local hydrology; however, in all cases, the dominant dissolved constituents are sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, and sulfate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Batch Test Assessment of Waste-to-Energy Combustion Residues Impacts on Precipitate Formation in Landfill Leachate Collection Systems

Cardoso

Levine

Rhea³

2008

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Disposal practices for bottom ash and fly ash from wasteto-energy (WTE) facilities include emplacement in ash monofills or co-disposal with municipal solid waste (MSW) and residues from water and wastewater treatment facilities. In some cases, WTE residues are used as daily cover in landfills that receive MSW. A recurring problem in many landfills is the development of calcium-based precipitates in leachate collection systems. Although MSW contains varying levels of calcium, WTE residues and treatment plant sludges have the potential to contribute concentrated sources of leachable minerals into landfill leachates. This study was conducted to evaluate the leachability of calcium and other minerals from residues generated by WTE combustion using residues obtained from three WTE facilities in Florida (two mass-burn and one refuse-derived fuel). Leaching potential was quantified as a function of contact time and liquid-tosolid ratios with batch tests and longer term leaching tests using laboratory lysimeters to simulate an ash monofill containing fly ash and bottom ash. The leachate generated as a result of these tests had total dissolved solid (TDS) levels ranging from 5 to 320 mg TDS/g ash. Calcium was a major contributor to the TDS values, contributing from 20 to 105 g calcium/kg ash. Fly ash was a major contributor of leachable calcium. Precipitate formation in leachates from WTE combustion residues could be induced by adding mineral acids or through gas dissolution (carbon dioxide or air). Stabilization of residual calcium in fly ashes that are landfilled and/or the use of less leachable neutralization reagents during processing of acidic gases from WTE facilities could help to decrease the calcium levels in leachates and help to prevent precipitate formation in leachate collection systems. INTRODUCTIONWaste-to-Energy (WTE) facilities provide a means to reduce the volume of municipal solid wastes (MSW) that require landfilling while yielding energy and recoverable ferrous and nonferrous metals. Byproducts from WTE facilities include combustible gases and noncombustible residues (fly ash and bottom ash). Although options have been developed for using ash residues in different construction applications, 1,2 the majority of WTE residues produced in the United States are either disposed in ash monofills or codisposed with MSW and other materials such as residues from water and wastewater treatment facilities [3][4][5] The leaching characteristics of WTE residues have been studied extensively, particularly with respect to the leachability of toxic materials from fly ashes and bottom ashes. 6,7 Less information is available on the leachability of dominant minerals that may participate in precipitation reactions. For example, a recurring problem in many landfills is the development of calcium-based deposits that can clog leachate collection systems. 8 -11 The purpose of this study was to assess the leachability of precipitatable minerals from WTE residues and evaluate the potential to form mineral deposits in...

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On-site treatment and landfilling of MSWI air pollution control residues

Cited by 32 publications

References 1 publication

Stabilization of APC Residues from Waste Incineration with Ferrous Sulfate on a Semi-Industrial Scale

Stabilization of APC Residues from Waste Incineration with Ferrous Sulfate on a Semi-Industrial Scale

Treatment and use of air pollution control residues from MSW incineration: An overview

Batch Test Assessment of Waste-to-Energy Combustion Residues Impacts on Precipitate Formation in Landfill Leachate Collection Systems

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