On Prägnanz

Luccio, Riccardo

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-2990-1_6

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Prägnanz therefore describes a very powerful principle, allowing us to learn (or infer) from experience that particular elements perceived in a sequence are related to one another. More specifically, Luccio ( Luccio, 1999 , 2019 ) has argued that Wertheimer’s description of prägnanz ( Wertheimer, 1912 ) does not allow gestalt perception to be reduced to “simplicity” or to perceiving only simple and regular forms in the world. Instead, gestalt perception captures the richness, complexity, and meaningfulness of the world around us.…”

Section: Gestalt Perception Within and Across Sensory Modalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactionally Embedded Gestalt Principles of Multimodal Human Communication

Trujillo

Holler

2023

Perspect Psychol Sci

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Natural human interaction requires us to produce and process many different signals, including speech, hand and head gestures, and facial expressions. These communicative signals, which occur in a variety of temporal relations with each other (e.g., parallel or temporally misaligned), must be rapidly processed as a coherent message by the receiver. In this contribution, we introduce the notion of interactionally embedded, affordance-driven gestalt perception as a framework that can explain how this rapid processing of multimodal signals is achieved as efficiently as it is. We discuss empirical evidence showing how basic principles of gestalt perception can explain some aspects of unimodal phenomena such as verbal language processing and visual scene perception but require additional features to explain multimodal human communication. We propose a framework in which high-level gestalt predictions are continuously updated by incoming sensory input, such as unfolding speech and visual signals. We outline the constituent processes that shape high-level gestalt perception and their role in perceiving relevance and prägnanz. Finally, we provide testable predictions that arise from this multimodal interactionally embedded gestalt-perception framework. This review and framework therefore provide a theoretically motivated account of how we may understand the highly complex, multimodal behaviors inherent in natural social interaction.

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Section: Gestalt Perception Within and Across Sensory Modalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactionally Embedded Gestalt Principles of Multimodal Human Communication

Trujillo

Holler

2023

Perspect Psychol Sci

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“…The concept is introduced by Wertheimer in his first major theoretical work, "Über das Denken der Naturvölker" (On the Thinking of Indigenous People), a paper which appeared in Zeitschrift für Psychologie in 1911, shortly preceding the 1912 paper on motion, "Experimentelle Studien über das Sehen von Bewegung" (Experimental Studies of the Perception of Motion)(4) considered as Wertheimer's seminal work (Luccio, 1999a). But Wertheimer talks about the law of prägnanz only two years later in 1914 at the VI Congress of Experimental Psychology in Göttingen (Luccio, 1999b). In the 1923 dot essay, the concept appears again where Wertheimer speaks of Prägnanzstufen (areas of prägnanz).…”

Section: Factor Of Direction Ormentioning

confidence: 99%

From Simple To Complex Configuration: Sustainability Of Gestalt Principles Of Visual Perception Within The Complexity Paradigm

Mennan¹

2009

jfa

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The paper presents a design research project developed in 2006 and in 2007 at the Computational Design Research Lab (C o D e R e L)(1). C o D e R e L isan elective graduate design research studio initiated in 2005 at the Middle East Technical University, Department of Architecture (2), to function as an integrated research and teaching structure. The double educational and research agenda of the studio aims at enhancing intellectual infrastructure for research and design in the architecture/technology interface and adresses various issues and problematics detected in the field of computational design research. One of the main objectives of the studio is to position computational design research in its current theoretical and epistemic context and to develop a consciousness of historical continuity within the disciplinary field of architecture. To this aim, design experiments at C o D e R e L attempt to draw together contemporary and historical problem situations for the production of new and creative linkages fostering new knowledges and understandings of architectural evolution.The design research presented here is an attempt to re-contextualize and re-problematize the premises of the Gestalt theory of visual perception in the context of complex and unstable forms that now populate a new formal and plastic catalogue. Increasingly predictive and accurate formalist procedures set forth by diverse morphological theories in the rationalization of complex form seem unable to remedy for the challenge these forms pose to the limits of spontaneous intuition and visual perception. This challenge that would require a sharpening and augmentation of intuitionist and perceptual abilities in the apprehension of complex form is a rarely adressed problem in recent formal research. The absence of a new theory of visual perception brings to the fore a long trusted resource in the field; the gestalt principles of visual perception. These basic principles now call for a reconsideration as they are confronting challenges posed by geometric and conceptual developments in the complexity paradigm, and that need to be adressed in terms of the

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“…Better forms and patterns are also more robust against transformation. For example, Stadler, Stegagno, and Trombini (1987, as cited in Luccio, 1999) showed that good forms do not transform into poor forms as easily as vice versa in a stroboscopic transformation experiment. Wagemans (1992, 1993) showed that it is easier to match dot patterns and polygons with their affine and perspective transformed counterparts (corresponding to presenting the stimuli on differently oriented planes relative to the viewer) if they contain mirror symmetry than if they do not.…”

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confidence: 99%

Get the Picture? Goodness of Image Organization Contributes to Image Memorability

Goetschalckx

Moors

Vanmarcke

et al. 2019

Journal of Cognition

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According to Gestalt psychologists, goodness is a crucial variable for image organization. We hypothesized that these differences in goodness contribute to variability in image memorability. Building on this, we predicted that two characteristics of good organizations, (i) fast, efficient processing and (ii) robustness against transformations (e.g., shrinking), would be characteristic of memorable images. Two planned (Study 1, Study 2) and one follow-up (Study 3) study were conducted to test this. Study 1 operationalized fast processing as accuracy in a rapid-scene categorization task (“categorizability”). Study 2 operationalized robustness against shrinking as reaction time in a thumbnail search task (“shrinkability”). We used 44 real-life scene images of 14 semantic categories from a previous memorability study. Each image was assigned a categorizability and shrinkability score. The predicted positive relation between categorizability and memorability was not observed in Study 1. A post-hoc explanation attributed this null result to a masking role of image distinctiveness. Furthermore, memorable images were located faster in the thumbnail search task, as predicted, but Study 2 could not rule whether this was merely a result of their distinctiveness. To elucidate these results, Study 3 quantified the images on distinctiveness and statistically controlled for this variable in a reanalysis of Study 1 and Study 2. When distinctiveness was controlled for, categorizability and memorability did show a significant positive correlation. Moreover, the results also argued against the alternative explanation of the results of Study 2. Taken together, the results support the hypothesis that goodness of organization contributes to image memorability.

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On Prägnanz

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Interactionally Embedded Gestalt Principles of Multimodal Human Communication

Interactionally Embedded Gestalt Principles of Multimodal Human Communication

From Simple To Complex Configuration: Sustainability Of Gestalt Principles Of Visual Perception Within The Complexity Paradigm

Get the Picture? Goodness of Image Organization Contributes to Image Memorability

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