On KLJN-based Secure Key Distribution in Vehicular Communication Networks

Cao, Xiaofeng; Sáez, Yessica; Pesti, Géza; Kish, László B.

doi:10.1142/s021947751550008x

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(86 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This section presents the simulations and numerical results for the optimization problems formulated in Eqs. (15) and (18). We will compare these results to those obtained in [38], where similar optimization techniques were applied to the ideal, symmetric KLJN secure key exchanger when implementing the noise voltage measurement mode only.…”

Section: Simulations and Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The simplicity and performance of the KLJN secure key exchanger have been con¯rmed through its experimental demonstration [4], whose results have motivated proposals for modi¯cations to the system to improve its speed, coverage and safety [9][10][11][12]. Furthermore, a large number of potential applications have been suggested through the years, including secure key distribution in Smart Grids [13], security in vehicular communications [14,15] and computers [16]; as well as protection in components of hardware, processors and mass storage devices, among others [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Optimization-Based Strategies for the Error Removal Method in the Ideal, Symmetric KLJN Secure Key Exchanger

Collado

Sáez

2019

Fluct. Noise Lett.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Kirchhoff’s-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) secure key exchanger is a simple, low-cost scheme that provides symmetric encryption with unconditional security in electronic communication. The key bits are generated based on measurements of the mean-square value of the noise voltage and/or current of the channel between the two communicating parties. In this work, a combined current–voltage measurement mode scenario and an error removal method for the ideal, symmetric KLJN secure key exchanger that uses an identical pair of resistors at both ends of the communication line were considered, which improves the fidelity and reduces the bit error probability compared to the schemes when either voltage or current measurement are being used. It has been shown in previous works that the error probability of the original, symmetric KLJN secure key exchanger decays exponentially with parameters such as the time window for performing the key exchange and other relevant criteria used in the interpretation of the key bits. The objective of this work is to develop optimization strategies for the ideal, symmetric KLJN secure key exchanger in order to obtain optimal values of these parameters while ensuring that errors are kept within acceptable values. For those strategies, closed-form solutions to the optimal values were derived by solving the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) conditions. Numerical results show that the proposed optimization techniques not only ensure that the bit probability error remains within the desired limit, but also provide more flexibility to define the thresholds values, reduce the bit exchange period needed to guarantee an acceptable bit error probability, weaken Eve’s statistics, and improve the system resource managing.

show abstract

Section: Simulations and Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization-Based Strategies for the Error Removal Method in the Ideal, Symmetric KLJN Secure Key Exchanger

Collado

Sáez

2019

Fluct. Noise Lett.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The star network could be utilized in many situations including vehicle information networks [48,49] and inside equipment with components spread around a central processing unit such as a computer. Table 4 compares the fully connected network with N − 1 key exchangers per host denoted by FCN N −1 , the fully connected network with 1 key exchanger per host denoted by FCN 1 , the linear chain network protocol with 2 key exchangers per hosts is denoted by LCH, and the star network protocol with 1 communicator per host denoted by STAR.…”

Section: Symbolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resource Requirements and Speed versus Geometry of Unconditionally Secure Physical Key Exchanges

Gonzalez

Balog

Kish

2015

Entropy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The imperative need for unconditional secure key exchange is expounded by the increasing connectivity of networks and by the increasing number and level of sophistication of cyberattacks. Two concepts that are theoretically information-secure are quantum key distribution (QKD) and Kirchoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN). However, these concepts require a dedicated connection between hosts in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks which can be impractical and or cost prohibitive. A practical and cost effective method is to have each host share their respective cable(s) with other hosts such that two remote hosts can realize a secure key exchange without the need of an additional cable or key exchanger. In this article we analyze the cost complexities of cable, key exchangers, and time required in the star network. We mentioned the reliability of the star network and compare it with other network geometries. We also conceived a protocol and equation for the number of secure bit exchange periods needed in a star network. We then outline other network geometries and trade-off possibilities that seem interesting to explore.

show abstract

“…are available [1]. Unconditional security is essential in intelligent vehicle systems [2,3]; for power and sensor networks of strategical importance [4,5]; for ultra-strong PUF hardware keys [6]; and in secure computer, instrument and video game systems [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current injection attack against the ideal KLJN system[2]. the channel currents/voltages at Alice's and Bob's ends respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Injection Attack against the KLJN Secure Key Exchange

Chen¹,

Mohammad²,

Kish³

2016

Metrology and Measurement Systems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-noise (KLJN) scheme is a statistical/physical secure key exchange system based on the laws of classical statistical physics to provide unconditional security. We used the LTSPICE industrial cable and circuit simulator to emulate one of the major active (invasive) attacks, the current injection attack, against the ideal and a practical KLJN system, respectively. We show that two security enhancement techniques, namely, the instantaneous voltage/current comparison method, and a simple privacy amplification scheme, independently and effectively eliminate the information leak and successfully preserve the system's unconditional security.

show abstract

On KLJN-based Secure Key Distribution in Vehicular Communication Networks

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Optimization-Based Strategies for the Error Removal Method in the Ideal, Symmetric KLJN Secure Key Exchanger

Optimization-Based Strategies for the Error Removal Method in the Ideal, Symmetric KLJN Secure Key Exchanger

Resource Requirements and Speed versus Geometry of Unconditionally Secure Physical Key Exchanges

Current Injection Attack against the KLJN Secure Key Exchange

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About