On-farm successes and challenges of producing bacterial wilt-free tubers in seed plots in Kenya

Kinyua, Z. M.; Smith, J. J.; Lung’aho, C.; Olanya, Modesto; Priou, Sylvie

doi:10.4314/acsj.v9i1.27649

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore better seed potato multiplication and selection techniques can be applied by ware growers. Multiplication of high quality seed potatoes in nurseries by ware potato producers using the 'small seed plot technique' (Aguirre et al 1999;Kinyua et al 2001Kinyua et al , 2005, positive seed potato selection by ware potato farmers (Gildemacher et al 2007) and diffused light storage (Potts 1983) have shown to be useful technologies for improving seed potato quality management by ware growers.…”

Section: Improving Seed Quality In the Local Seed Potato Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Description of Seed Potato Systems in Kenya, Uganda and Ethiopia

et al. 2009

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Seed potato systems in East Africa are described and opportunities for improvement identified on the basis of interviews with potato producers in Kenya, Uganda and Ethiopia, and an assessment of Ralstonia solanacearum and virus disease levels in Kenya. 3% of seed potato sold in Kenyan markets was virus free. Ralstonia solanacearum was found in 74% of potato farms. Less than 5% of the farmers interviewed source seed potato from specialized seed growers. Over 50% rely entirely on farm-saved seed. Current seed potato prices justify this behavior. To improve the system the local and specialized chain need to be tackled simultaneously. To improve the local chain ware potato farmers require training on seed quality maintenance and managing bacterial wilt and viruses. Research into virus resistance and the effect of mixed virus infection on yield deserves attention. Private investment in seed potato production could increase volumes produced and reduce prices.Resumen Se describen sistemas de semillas de papa en África del Este y se identifican oportunidades de mejora basándose en entrevistas con productores de papas en Kenia, Uganda y Etiopía y una evaluación de los niveles de las enfermedades causadas por Ralstonia solanacearum y virus en Kenia. El 3% de la semilla de papa vendido en los mercados de Kenia estaba libre de virus. Se encontró Ralstonia solanacearum en 74% de las explotaciones agrarias de papa. Menos del 5% de los agricultores entrevistados obtienen semillas de papa de agricultores especializados en semillas. Más del 50% dependen totalmente de las semillas almacenadas en la explotación agraria. Los precios actuales de semilla de papa justifican este comportamiento. Para mejorar el sistema, se debe abordar simultáneamente tanto la cadena local y la especializada. Para mejorar la cadena local, los agricultores de papa para consumo humano necesitan capacitación sobre el mantenimiento de la calidad de la semilla y manejo de la marchités bacteriana y virus. La investigación sobre resistencia a los virus y el efecto de la infección de mezcla de virus sobre el rendimiento merece atención. La inversión privada en la producción de semilla de papa podría aumentar los volúmenes de producción y reducir los precios.

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Section: Improving Seed Quality In the Local Seed Potato Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Description of Seed Potato Systems in Kenya, Uganda and Ethiopia

et al. 2009

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“…Positive selection is a method in which healthy looking plants in the field are identified, tagged and tubers from identified plants are used for propagation [7]. Planting of disease-free plant materials has been found effective in reducing disease problems [8,9] and this method has been used to produce quality and disease free potato [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Response of White Yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir) Tuber Portions to Positive Selection for Quality Seed Yam Production

Aihebhoria¹,

Aighewi²,

Balogun³

2017

Adv Crop Sci Tech

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The production of yams is constrained by high cost and unavailability of clean planting materials, pests and diseases. Vegetative propagation has also caused a build of up diseases, reported to cause up to 80% yield reduction due to scarcity of quality declared seeds. Planting of disease-free material has been found to be effective in reducing disease problems in plants. This study was conducted to produce clean seed yam by reducing yam diseases through positive selection method. In this method, apparently healthy yam plants were identified, tagged (positive selection), assessed for yam mosaic virus incidence and severity using the scale 0 or 1 and 1-5 respectively. The harvested clean tubers from tagged plants were planted the following season so as to determine the rate of response of each genotype and tuber portion to positive selection. At the end of two cycles of positive selection, analysis of variance for percentage number of positive yam plants, YMV incidence, YMV severity and tuber yield shows significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) between positive selection and no selection for both field and screen house plants. It was observed that positively selected plants performed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) better than no selection plants. For field experiment, Number of positively selected plants was highest in positive TDr89/02665 with mean value of 75.00% while no selection Ogoja had the least number of positive plants (17.8%). A yield increase of 1.80 t/ha was recorded due to the application of positive selection method in two cycles. For screen house experiment, result followed a similar trend; however with a reduction in YMV incidence and severity. It is worthy to note that tail portions of yam were lest infected with YMV, hence more healthy plants were selected from the tail portion.

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“…The same results were found by Ortiz et al (1997) in a study to understand farmers' responses to late blight. This may be because bacterial wilt (BW) is both seed and soil borne, with no efficient chemical control available and its effect is escalated by the use of seed from informal sources (Kinyua et al, 2001). As much as late blight is a devastating disease of potato, in most surveyed districts, farmers say it can be managed by spraying using fungicides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, farmers can keep their seed for two to three seasons without replacement (Muthoni et al, 2013). However, continual use of potato seed from informal sources promotes the spread of seed borne diseases mainly bacterial wilt (Kinyua et al, 2001) and viruses (Kakuhenzire et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participatory assessment of potato farming systems, production constraints and cultivar preferences in Uganda

Namugga¹,

Melis²,

Sibiya³

et al. 2017

Aust J Crop Sci

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a major food and cash crop mainly grown by small-scale farmers in the highland regions of Uganda. Farmer practices and constraints in potato production and management differ from one area to another and so are desired attributes. A survey was conducted in eight major potato producing districts of Uganda. The study districts were from Central, Eastern and South Western regions of the country. The survey was carried out from May to August 2015. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 577 individual farmers. The results showed that potato is produced for both food and cash benefits in all the districts. Only 2% of the respondents from Eastern and South western Uganda obtained seed from research stations while all respondents from Central Uganda used farm saved seed. Major production challenges were pests and diseases. The major pests were aphids and cutworms while late blight and bacterial wilt were the prominent diseases. Across the three regions Rwangume and Victoria were the commonly grown cultivars while Cruza and Marierahinda were the most rejected varieties. These were rejected on account of being white skinned with low marketability and Cruza becomes marshy on cooking. High yield, resistance to late blight, early maturity and marketability were the most preferred attributes in new varieties. Late blight had been experienced by 98% of the farmers and 96% of these reported to have used fungicides to manage the disease.

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On-farm successes and challenges of producing bacterial wilt-free tubers in seed plots in Kenya

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

A Description of Seed Potato Systems in Kenya, Uganda and Ethiopia

A Description of Seed Potato Systems in Kenya, Uganda and Ethiopia

The Response of White Yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir) Tuber Portions to Positive Selection for Quality Seed Yam Production

Participatory assessment of potato farming systems, production constraints and cultivar preferences in Uganda

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