On dust dynamics in tokamak edge plasmas

Krasheninnikov, S. I.; Tomita, Yukihiro; Smirnov, R.D.; Janev, R. K.

doi:10.1063/1.1724834

Cited by 119 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Alternatively, thermal release of particle clusters (dust) can explain the transport of carbon over a distance of ~10 cm from the target to the louvre without strong attenuation even for harsh ELM conditions [33]. At estimated equilibrium temperatures of dust particles in the divertor plasma from 2000 K to 4000 K [33], their hydrogen and beryllium content would probably be released before arriving in the inner louvre.…”

Section: Surface Layers and Elm-induced Enhanced Erosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At estimated equilibrium temperatures of dust particles in the divertor plasma from 2000 K to 4000 K [33], their hydrogen and beryllium content would probably be released before arriving in the inner louvre. Dust particles of sub-micrometer size can gain velocities up to ~1000 m/s and be destroyed upon collision with the wall [34].…”

Section: Surface Layers and Elm-induced Enhanced Erosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of erosion and deposition in tokamaks

Kreter

Brezinsek

Coad

et al. 2009

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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In recent years, a general qualitative understanding has been reached about the major pathways of material migration in divertor tokamaks. Main chamber wall components have been identified as the major source of material erosion. The eroded material is transported by scrape-off layer flows, in the case of the ion B×∇B drift pointing towards the X-point, predominately towards the inner divertor leg, where it is deposited in the form of amorphous layers. On JET, where carbon is the main plasma-facing material, it has been found that the presence of deposited carbon rich layers determines the dynamic characteristics of further redistribution of carbon, in particular towards remote areas. The transport from the strike point to the deposition location is mainly line-of-sight. The amount of eroded carbon depends on the surface type, with lower rates for the bare CFC and higher rates for deposited layers. The erosion rates in the inner divertor increase non-linearly with increasing ELM energies.

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Section: Surface Layers and Elm-induced Enhanced Erosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Surface Layers and Elm-induced Enhanced Erosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of erosion and deposition in tokamaks

Kreter

Brezinsek

Coad

et al. 2009

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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“…Electronic mail: tanaka@ec.t.kanazawa-u.ac.jp fect the dynamics of dust particles in tokamak plasmas. While the dynamics of dust particles [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and statistically averaged macroscopic dust profiles 2,3 in tokamak plasmas are intensively studied for carbon, the behavior of dust consisting of other fusion-related materials or of a combination of materials remains unexplored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dust also can be an important contributor to impurity contamination of the core and scrape-off-layer ͑SOL͒ plasmas in tokamak fusion devices, [1][2][3][4] which may increase radiation loss from the plasmas and affect recycling regimes in the divertor regions. Thus, novel experimental and theoretical studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] on dust composition; mechanisms of dust formation; dust thermochemical, electrical, magnetic and radiative properties; statistical distribution of dust particles over sizes, shapes, porosity, etc. ; and dust transport in fusion plasma devices have started.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of dust-particle behavior for different materials in plasmas

et al. 2007

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The behavior of dust particles made of different fusion-related materials ͑Li, Be, B, C, Fe, Mo, or W͒ in tokamak plasmas is simulated using the dust transport code DUSTT ͓A. Pigarov et al., Phys. Plasmas 12, 122508 ͑2005͔͒. The dependencies of the characteristic lifetime of dust particles on plasma parameters are compared for the different dust materials. The dynamics of dust particles in the tokamak edge plasma is studied and the effects of dust material on the acceleration, heating, and evaporation/sublimation of particles are analyzed.

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“…The dust can be an important contributor to impurity contamination of the core and scrape-off-layer plasmas in tokamak fusion devices. [1][2][3][4] This impurity contamination may increase radiation energy loss from the plasmas and affect recycling regimes in the divertor regions. Dust also can increase the tritium in-vessel retention and the risk of explosion at an accidental air or coolant leakage, which is important for the safety of fusion devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of emissivity on behavior of metallic dust particles in plasmas

et al. 2008

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Influence of thermal radiation emissivity on the lifetime of a dust particle in plasmas is investigated for different fusion relevant metals ͑Li, Be, Mo, and W͒. The thermal radiation is one of main cooling mechanisms of the dust in plasmas especially for dust with evaporation temperature higher than 2500 K. In this paper, the temperature-and radius-dependent emissivity of dust particles is calculated using Mie theory and temperature-dependent optical constants for the above metallic materials. The lifetime of a dust particle in uniform plasmas is estimated with the calculated emissivity using the dust transport code DUSTT ͓A. Pigarov et al., Physics of Plasmas 12, 122508 ͑2005͔͒, considering other dust cooling and destruction processes such as physical and chemical sputtering, melting and evaporation, electron emission etc. The use of temperature-dependent emissivity calculated with Mie theory provides a longer lifetime of the refractory metal dust particle compared with that obtained using conventional emissivity constants in the literature. The dynamics of heavy metal dust particles are also presented using the calculated emissivity in a tokamak plasma.

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On dust dynamics in tokamak edge plasmas

Abstract: We consider some aspects of dust dynamics in tokamak plasmas. We assume that dust density in a tokamak plasma is rather small; consequently, our

Cited by 119 publications

References 31 publications

Dynamics of erosion and deposition in tokamaks

Dynamics of erosion and deposition in tokamaks

Modeling of dust-particle behavior for different materials in plasmas

Influence of emissivity on behavior of metallic dust particles in plasmas

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