On Consistency and Limitation of paired t-test, Sign and Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test

Akeyede, Imam; Usman, Mohammed; Chiawa, Moses Abanyam

doi:10.9790/5728-10140106

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Details of the code used for all tests are supplied (Appendix 1, supplemental material). The Wilcoxon test was chosen over the conventional Student t-test or Welch's t-test, because it performs better when investigating data that are not distributed normally and which have small sample sizes (Imam et al 2014).…”

Section: Quantitative Analysis Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Citizen Science Participation Skill for Altruism or University Course Credit: A Case Study Analysis Using Cyclone Center

Phillips¹,

Walshe²,

O'Regan³

et al. 2018

CSTP

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A common challenge in citizen science projects is gaining and retaining participants. At the same time, the tertiary education sector is constantly being challenged to provide more meaningful and practical work for students. Can participation in citizen science projects be used as coursework with real practical experiential-learning benefits, without affecting the citizen science project outcomes? We seek to begin to answer this question via a case study analysis with Cyclone Center (CC), which asks participants to classify tropical cyclone characteristics through analysis of infrared satellite imagery. Skill of individual users has previously been shown to be obtainable once classifiers have looked at approximately 200 images using an expectation-maximisation likelihood approach. We use skill scores to determine if participation for course credit or altruism influenced skill for volunteers and students from two universities under three increasingly complex categories of classifications (eye or no eye; stronger, weaker, or the same; and which of six fundamental storm types). A bootstrap resampling approach was used to account for discrepancies between sample sizes. Overall, there is limited evidence for substantive differences in classification performance between credit awarded and altruistic participants, with only one finding of significance at

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Section: Quantitative Analysis Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Citizen Science Participation Skill for Altruism or University Course Credit: A Case Study Analysis Using Cyclone Center

Phillips¹,

Walshe²,

O'Regan³

et al. 2018

CSTP

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show abstract

“…The data of pretest and posttest did not own both normal distribution and same variance. Hence, the Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to analyze the data (Shan, 2014;Imam et al, 2014). The Wilcoxon test was used to analyze the differences from the observed results of two paired data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of Integrated Science Instructional Materials to Improve Students’ Digital Literacy in Scientific Approach

Asrizal

Amran

Ananda

et al. 2018

JPII

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Integrated science and integration of literacy skills are relevant issues to be investigated in science education. This research aimed at determining the validity of integrated science materials and examining the practicality and effectivity of the use of integrated science materials in the scientific approach. The type of this research was research and development. The development of integrated science materials consists of seven stages, namely identifying potentials and problems, collecting information, designing a product, validating the product, revising product, doing limited testing, and revising product. Instruments for collecting data included validity assessment, practicality assessment, written test, and performance assessment. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and paired comparison test. Based on the data analysis, there were three results of this research. First, the validity of integrated science instructional materials classified as very high with an average value of 83.2. Second, the integrated science instructional materials were practical according to the science teachers and students with an average value of 86.11 and 89.66 respectively. Third, the integrated science instructional materials were effective in the scientific approach to improving the aspects of knowledge and digital literacy including scientific, functional, and visual literacy at 95% confidence level. These results indicated that employing integrated science instructional materials could overcome the problem of integrated science teaching and improve the digital literacy of students in terms of scientific, functional, and visual literacy. These digital literacy components are also useful for students to get success in their real future life.

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“…After completing the data processing, the cleaned data's frequency Alpha, Beta, and Gamma) for each session were extracted. Each power of ea compared against the baseline's data of gamma using Wilcoxon Signed Rank tnormality assumptions (Imam, et al, 2014). SPSS ( analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each power of ea compared against the baseline's data of gamma-band power. This comparison was carried out by -test due to the small number of samples that did not meet t normality assumptions (Imam, et al, 2014). SPSS (ver.20 for Windows) was utilized to perform the The study revealed that GBA was significantly increased in the CS compared to RS (Fig.…”

Section: (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increase in Gamma Band qEEG Activity during Executive Coaching: Some Preliminary Observations and Possible Implications

Puspa

Ibrahim²,

Brown

2018

Proceedings of the International Conference of Mental Health, Neuroscience, and Cyber-Psychology - Icometh-NCP 2018

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Executive coaching has become a well many organizations. However, nothing is known about what effects coaching processes have on brain activity in understanding the neurobiological basis of behavioral changes. Using quantified electroencephalogram (qEEG) activity in the gamma pilot study is the first attempt to elucidate the electro during an executive coaching process whilst using a specific intervention called the CARE Model. Gamma consciousness, and cognitive functions. Synchronization of gamma proposed as being involved in the mechanisms of functional integration underlying changes in neural circuitry. Despite the decades of gamma that executive coaching might induce gamma explored. The subjects were six top talent volunteers (male, mean age = 30). The EEG was recorded from 19 electrodes of the International 10/20 System in both the resting state as the baseline and the continuous 45 absolute spectral power values of gamma epochs comparison of each CARE Model stage with the baseline was analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test.Our preliminary qEEG observations show that gamma activity became significantly increased in the frontal and posterior regions of the subject during the coaching process. These preliminary results suggest that the neural impact of executive coaching within the CARE Model may be to evoke a self gestalt perception, and associative learning.

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On Consistency and Limitation of paired t-test, Sign and Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test

Abstract: This article investigates the strength and limitation of t-test and

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Assessing Citizen Science Participation Skill for Altruism or University Course Credit: A Case Study Analysis Using Cyclone Center

Assessing Citizen Science Participation Skill for Altruism or University Course Credit: A Case Study Analysis Using Cyclone Center

The Development of Integrated Science Instructional Materials to Improve Students’ Digital Literacy in Scientific Approach

Increase in Gamma Band qEEG Activity during Executive Coaching: Some Preliminary Observations and Possible Implications

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