On Citizenship, States, and Markets

Shachar, Ayelet; Hirschl, Ran

doi:10.1111/jopp.12034

Cited by 53 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In the first case of "citizenship-by-investment" schemes, states literally sell membership in their polity (Abrahamian 2015;Surak 2016). The use of economic capital as a determining factor of membership in a political community constitutes a commodification of citizenship by states that have succumbed to the market's logic (Shachar and Hirschl 2014;Tanasoca 2016). Citizenship-by-investment schemes represent the opposite end of the spectrum from the nationalizing migration state, as they "speak to the very arbitrariness of the concept of belonging to a nation to begin with" (Abrahamian 2015, 154).…”

Section: The Neoliberal Migration State: Capitalizing On Cross-bordermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Migration State in the Global South: Nationalizing, Developmental, and Neoliberal Models of Migration Management

Adamson

Tsourapas

2019

International Migration Review

127

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How do states in the Global South manage cross-border migration? This article identifies Hollifield’s “migration state” as a useful tool for comparative analysis yet notes that in its current version the concept is limited, given its focus on economic immigration in advanced liberal democracies. We suggest a framework for extending the “migration state” concept by introducing a typology of nationalizing, developmental, and neoliberal migration management regimes. The article explains each type and provides illustrative examples drawn from a range of case studies. To conclude, it discusses the implications of this analysis for comparative migration research, including the additional light it sheds on the migration management policies of states in the Global North.

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Section: The Neoliberal Migration State: Capitalizing On Cross-bordermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Migration State in the Global South: Nationalizing, Developmental, and Neoliberal Models of Migration Management

Adamson

Tsourapas

2019

International Migration Review

127

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“…4 Despite these additional rulings, football players' connection with the national team they represent seems to be more and more based on ((great) grand-) parental heritage, their years of loyalty to a football club in a national league (residency) or through marriage, instead of being based on their place of birth (Holmes & Storey, 2011). Some authors even argue that we are witnessing a 'marketization of citizenship' because of the increasing involvement of national governments in granting (fast-tracked) citizenship to talented athletes, amongst them footballers (Shachar, 2011;Shachar & Hirschl, 2014).…”

Section: Citizenship Regimes and Fifa's Eligibility Regulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Has the World Cup become more migratory? A comparative history of foreign-born players in national football teams, c. 1930-2018

Campenhout

Sterkenburg

Oonk

2019

CMS

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While the presence of foreign-born footballers in national teams has a long history, it is often believed that the World Cup has become more migratory over time. The presumed increases in the volume and diversity of foreign-born footballers have, however, remained empirically untested. In this article, we empirically test whether the presence of foreign-born footballers at the World Cup has changed over time in respect to these two dimensions of migration. We conducted an analysis on 4.761 footballers, derived from the fifteen national teams that competed in at least ten editions of the World Cup between 1930 and 2018, which comprises of 301 foreignborn football players. We argue that countries' different histories of migration, in combination with historically used citizenship regimes, largely influence the migratory dimensions of their representative football teams. Our outcomes show that the (absolute) volume of foreign-born footballers in World Cups is indeed increasing over time. Moreover, foreign-born footballers seem to come from an increasingly diverse range of countries. We, therefore, conclude that the World Cup has become more migratory in terms of volume and diversity from an immigration perspective.

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“…Today, immigration policies seek to select individuals primarily on the basis of market values, i.e. skills, talents and financial resources (Shachar and Hirschl 2014), or in other words based on the expectation of their ability to integrate into the host society: Pre-arrival civic integration policies that "discourage the immigration of unwanted groups without explicitly naming ethnic categories" (FitzGerald et al 2018, 30) are one example of how "systematic group biases" remain, or have maybe even become more prevalent, in immigration policies of liberal countries (Ellermann and Goenaga 2019, 87). However, explicit ethnic or national criteria for group-based categorical exclusion have vanished from liberal democratic migration policies.…”

Section: Is It Legitimate To Apply Group-based Differentiation?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e.g. Mezzadra and Neilson 2012;Ong 2006;Shachar and Hirschl 2014). The immediate aim of providing newcomers early access to education and the labour market (and even making integration obligatory, as the Integration Act partly stipulates) is to minimize the dependence of residents on the welfare state, following a broader trend of integration policies of Western European countries (Joppke 2007).…”

Section: Introduction Of the 'Prospect Of Staying' Categorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…access to the state's territory (Shachar and Hirschl 2014). Differential inclusion -a term coined in this context by Mezzadra and Neilson (2012) -describes how selection does not only occur at the external state border: borders follow the immigrant inside, in the form of differentiated rights and obligations within the destination country (Bosniak 2007;Song 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A prospect of staying? Differentiated access to integration for asylum seekers in Germany

Schultz

2019

Ethnic and Racial Studies

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This paper investigates the normative permissibility of differential inclusion policies, taking Germany as a case study. In the face of mounting asylum applications, Germany introduced new administrative rules differentiating access to integration for asylum seekers. The paper normatively examines whether this practice is consistent with two conventional liberal concepts: special obligations grounding the moral commitments of the liberal state towards its own citizens and the principle of legal certainty grounding its moral commitments towards everyone under its jurisdiction, including asylum seekers. Combining these two usually separately employed perspectives, it argues that while differential inclusion is in principle consistent with these liberal principles, the crude criterion of the country of origin does not comply with both perspectives. The paper contributes to the debate on the ethics of immigration by scrutinizing this realworld instrument of differential inclusion from a political philosophy perspective.

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On Citizenship, States, and Markets

Cited by 53 publications

References 32 publications

The Migration State in the Global South: Nationalizing, Developmental, and Neoliberal Models of Migration Management

The Migration State in the Global South: Nationalizing, Developmental, and Neoliberal Models of Migration Management

Has the World Cup become more migratory? A comparative history of foreign-born players in national football teams, c. 1930-2018

A prospect of staying? Differentiated access to integration for asylum seekers in Germany

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