On-chip surface acoustic wave and micropipette aspiration techniques to assess cell elastic properties

Wu, Yanqi; Cheng, Tianhong; Chen, Qianyu; Gao, Xumei; Stewart, Alastair G.; Lee, Peter Vee Sin

doi:10.1063/1.5138662

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…For example, transmitting the low‐intensity vibration associated with the SAW or SRBW through a fluid coupling layer [ 179,262 ] into cells or organisms within a petri dish, agar plate, or cell culture chamber was not only observed to facilitate cell–cell interactions, [ 133 ] activate mechanosensitive ion channels, [ 134,135 ] stimulate exosome production in the internal cell machinery, [ 136 ] drive cell migration along acoustotactic gradients, [ 137 ] promote tissue oxygenation for wound healing, [ 138 ] or trigger neuronal stimulation in nematodes, [ 139,140 ] but also to enhance cellular uptake of nanoparticles, molecules, and nucleic acids by several‐fold, while retaining very high viabilities (>97%). [ 142 ] Unlike cavitation‐induced pore formation in sonoporation processes, which can often lead to some irreversible cell damage and apoptosis (with cellular viabilities as low as 60% having being commonly reported), [ 263–265 ] the high‐frequency SAW or SRBW excitation does not induce pore formation but rather temporarily disrupts the membrane lipid structure [ 141 ] or cytoskeletal structure, [ 266 ] thus increasing its permeability sufficiently to allow efficient transmembrane molecular transport. [ 142,267 ] We note that such rapid healing of the membrane leading to the retention of high cellular viabilities has also been reported following GHz frequency excitation, although in that case, nanopore formation in the cell membrane was claimed as a consequence of the larger localized acoustic pressures that can be generated at higher frequencies.…”

Section: Polymeric and Biological Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Frequency Sonoprocessing: A New Field of Cavitation‐Free Acoustic Materials Synthesis, Processing, and Manipulation

et al. 2020

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Ultrasound constitutes a powerful means for materials processing. Similarly, a new field has emerged demonstrating the possibility for harnessing sound energy sources at considerably higher frequencies (10 MHz to 1 GHz) compared to conventional ultrasound (⩽3 MHz) for synthesizing and manipulating a variety of bulk, nanoscale, and biological materials. At these frequencies and the typical acoustic intensities employed, cavitation-which underpins most sonochemical or, more broadly, ultrasound-mediated processes-is largely absent, suggesting that altogether fundamentally different mechanisms are at play. Examples include the crystallization of novel morphologies or highly oriented structures; exfoliation of 2D quantum dots and nanosheets; polymer nanoparticle synthesis and encapsulation; and the possibility for manipulating the bandgap of 2D semiconducting materials or the lipid structure that makes up the cell membrane, the latter resulting in the ability to enhance intracellular molecular uptake. These fascinating examples reveal how the highly nonlinear electromechanical coupling associated with such high-frequency surface vibration gives rise to a variety of static and dynamic charge generation and transfer effects, in addition to molecular ordering, polarization, and assembly-remarkably, given the vast dimensional separation between the acoustic wavelength and characteristic molecular length scales, or between the MHz-order excitation frequencies and typical THz-order molecular vibration frequencies.

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Section: Polymeric and Biological Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Frequency Sonoprocessing: A New Field of Cavitation‐Free Acoustic Materials Synthesis, Processing, and Manipulation

et al. 2020

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“…After breaking apart the smaller filamentous structures, we test the impact of colchicine on microtubules (24 nm, hollow tubes). Colchicine has been shown to disrupt microtubules within neutrophils [ 57 ] and porcine aortic endothelial cells; [ 54 ] however, it appears to not affect the overall viscoelastic properties of human articular chondrocytes, [ 52 ] cancer cells (i.e., MCF‐7), [ 58 ] or fibroblasts. [ 59 ] The effect of microtubule disassembly appears to be cell dependent.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Acoustic Platform for Single‐Cell, High‐Throughput Measurements of the Viscoelastic Properties of Cells

Romanov

Silvani

Zhu

et al. 2020

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Cellular processes including adhesion, migration, and differentiation are governed by the distinct mechanical properties of each cell. Importantly, the mechanical properties of individual cells can vary depending on local physical and biochemical cues in a time‐dependent manner resulting in significant inter‐cell heterogeneity. While several different methods have been developed to interrogate the mechanical properties of single cells, throughput to capture this heterogeneity remains an issue. Here, single‐cell, high‐throughput characterization of adherent cells is demonstrated using acoustic force spectroscopy (AFS). AFS works by simultaneously, acoustically driving tens to hundreds of silica beads attached to cells away from the cell surface, allowing the user to measure the stiffness of adherent cells under multiple experimental conditions. It is shown that cells undergo marked changes in viscoelasticity as a function of temperature, by altering the temperature within the AFS microfluidic circuit between 21 and 37 °C. In addition, quantitative differences in cells exposed to different pharmacological treatments specifically targeting the membrane–cytoskeleton interface are shown. Further, the high‐throughput format of the AFS is utilized to rapidly probe, in excess of 1000 cells, three different cell lines expressing different levels of a mechanosensitive protein, Piezo1, demonstrating the ability to differentiate between cells based on protein expression levels.

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“…[ 205 ] Also, a combination setup of MPA and phase‐modulated surface acoustic wave microfluidic devices has been developed to measure cellular compressibility as well as Young's modulus simultaneously to evaluate cell elastic properties. [ 206 ] Besides the in vitro measurement, a technique named micropipette force sensor (MFS) based on MPA has achieved precise force detection in vivo on single cells and multicellular microorganisms with a force resolution as low as 10 pN. [ 207 ]…”

Section: Micropipette Aspirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biophysical Approaches for Applying and Measuring Biological Forces

et al. 2021

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Over the past decades, increasing evidence has indicated that mechanical loads can regulate the morphogenesis, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of living cells. Investigations of how cells sense mechanical stimuli or the mechanotransduction mechanism is an active field of biomaterials and biophysics. Gaining a further understanding of mechanical regulation and depicting the mechanotransduction network inside cells require advanced experimental techniques and new theories. In this review, the fundamental principles of various experimental approaches that have been developed to characterize various types and magnitudes of forces experienced at the cellular and subcellular levels are summarized. The broad applications of these techniques are introduced with an emphasis on the difficulties in implementing these techniques in special biological systems. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique are discussed, which can guide readers to choose the most suitable technique for their questions. A perspective on future directions in this field is also provided. It is anticipated that technical advancement can be a driving force for the development of mechanobiology.

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On-chip surface acoustic wave and micropipette aspiration techniques to assess cell elastic properties

Cited by 14 publications

References 52 publications

High Frequency Sonoprocessing: A New Field of Cavitation‐Free Acoustic Materials Synthesis, Processing, and Manipulation

High Frequency Sonoprocessing: A New Field of Cavitation‐Free Acoustic Materials Synthesis, Processing, and Manipulation

An Acoustic Platform for Single‐Cell, High‐Throughput Measurements of the Viscoelastic Properties of Cells

Biophysical Approaches for Applying and Measuring Biological Forces

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