On Certain Entomogenous Fungi

Speare, A. T.

doi:10.1080/00275514.1920.12016820

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Speare described the color of H. saussurei synnemata as brownish. That the synnemata of the Chilean Hirsutella species are whitish and smaller in size than noted by Speare (1920) suggests a reasonable possibility that these synnemata were only partially developed when the insect was collected but might have been both larger and darker if the specimen had remained in the field for a longer time.…”

mentioning

confidence: 77%

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Hirsutella sp. (Hypocreales: Ophiocordycipitaceae) Affecting the Invasive Social Wasp Vespula vulgaris (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Southern Chile

Montalva

Rojas²,

Valenzuela

et al. 2017

Florida Entomologist

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mentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Hirsutella saussurei was originally described as Isaria saussurei by Cooke (1892) from a Polistes sp. (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae) and transferred to Hirsutella by Speare (1920). Speare described the color of H. saussurei synnemata as brownish.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hirsutella sp. (Hypocreales: Ophiocordycipitaceae) Affecting the Invasive Social Wasp Vespula vulgaris (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Southern Chile

Montalva

Rojas²,

Valenzuela

et al. 2017

Florida Entomologist

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“…These fungal structures have been reported as the overwintering propagule for many plant pathogenic fungi and for a limited number of fungal entomopathogens (Speare 1920;Evans and Samson 1982). Like many plant pathogenic fungi, sclerotial bodies of the fungal entomopathogen Nomuraea rileyi (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) found in insect cadavers were shown to produce infective conidia via sporogenic germination in the following growing season (Sprenkel and Brooks 1977;Speare 1920). Recently, it was shown that the fungal entomopathogen M. anisopliae produced high concentrations of microsclerotia (small sclerotia) under specific nutritional conditions during liquid culture fermentation ( Fig.…”

Section: Submerged Conidia Productionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ecological considerations in producing and formulating fungal entomopathogens for use in insect biocontrol

2009

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Insect pests persist in a wide-variety of agricultural, arboreal and urban environments. Effective control with fungal entomopathogens using inundation biocontrol requires an understanding of the ecology of the target insect, fungal pathogen, and the insect-pathogen interaction. Historically, the development of production and formulation processes for biocontrol fungi has primarily focused on reducing costs by maximizing the yield of infective propagules, increasing storage stability, and improving product form for ease of application. These goals are critical for commercialization but are often in conflict with environmental and ecological considerations. Critical parameters for selecting a fungal pathogen for use in inundation biocontrol include the cost-effective production of a stable, infective propagule that is suited for use in the environment where the insect must be controlled. Production processes can be manipulated nutritionally and environmentally to produce efficacious propagules or to direct fungal differentiation to propagule forms that may be better suited for use in specific environments. Formulation development must also consider ecological and environmental factors to maximize biocontrol efficacy. A basic understanding of the surface chemistries of the fungal propagule and insect, the interactions between a fungal propagule and the insect cuticle that lead to infection, and the impact of the environment on this interaction can aid in the development of effective formulations.

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“…Ophiocordycipitaceae) (Avery et al, 2013;Speare 1920). These biocontrol agents have received interest for use in the management of D. citri in Florida (Avery et al, 2011;Hall et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibilities of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus‐infected and noninfected Diaphorina citri to entomopathogenic fungi and their detoxification enzyme activities under different temperatures

et al. 2018

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Some entomopathogenic fungi species, Isaria fumosorosea, and Hirsutella citriformis were found to be efficient against the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae). However, the susceptibility to these fungi increases when the psyllid infected with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), which is transmitted by D. citri and causes citrus greening disease. In this study, we examined the Las-infected and Las-uninfected D. citri susceptibility to entomopathogenic fungi at different temperature regimes (5-40°C). When D. citri adults exposed to cold temperature (5°C), they showed less susceptibility to entomopathogenic fungi as compared with control (27°C). Irrespective of infection with Las, a significantly positive correlation was observed between temperature and percentage mortality caused by different isolates of I. fumosorosea, 3A Ifr, 5F Ifr, PS Ifr, and H. citriformis isolates, HC3D and 2H. In contrast, a significantly negative correlation was found between temperature and percentage mortality for 3A Ifr for both Las-infected and Las-uninfected psyllids. Detoxification enzymes, Glutathione S-transferase levels in D. citri showed a negative correlation, whereas cytochrome P450 and general esterase levels were not correlated with changes in temperature. These findings revealed that detoxification enzymes and general esterase levels are not correlated with altered susceptibility to entomopathogenic fungi at the different temperature regimes. Conclusively, temperature fluctuations tested appear to be a significant factor impacting the management strategies of D. citri using entomopathogenic fungi.

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On Certain Entomogenous Fungi

Cited by 30 publications

References 1 publication

Hirsutella sp. (Hypocreales: Ophiocordycipitaceae) Affecting the Invasive Social Wasp Vespula vulgaris (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Southern Chile

Hirsutella sp. (Hypocreales: Ophiocordycipitaceae) Affecting the Invasive Social Wasp Vespula vulgaris (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Southern Chile

Ecological considerations in producing and formulating fungal entomopathogens for use in insect biocontrol

Susceptibilities of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus‐infected and noninfected Diaphorina citri to entomopathogenic fungi and their detoxification enzyme activities under different temperatures

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