Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: the Role in Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Abstract

Aim. To estimate the role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) administration in atrial fibrillation (AF) prevention after planned coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.Material and Methods. Studied were 306 patients divided into two groups: patients of group I didn’t receive PUFAs (158 patients, 82.7% males) and patients of group II received PUFAs (148 patients, 89.3% males). PUFAs were prescribed in daily dose 2000 mg 5 days before surgery and in daily dose 1000 mg in postoperative period during 21 days.Results. Postoperative AF (POAF) occurred in 29.7% patients in group I and in 16.9% patients in group II (р=0.009). We found that after CABG in patients of the I group median IL-6 level was 39.3% higher (p=0.001), interleukin-10 – 20.2% higher (p=0.01), superoxide dismutase – 78.9% higher (р<0.001), malondialdehyde – 33.8% higher (p=0.03), docosahexaenoic acid – 31.8% lower (p=0.01) and omega-3 index – 43.4% lower (p=0.04) than in patients of the II group.According to multivariate regression analysis we found significant association between the factors of inflammation, oxidative stress and the risk POAF development.Conclusions. In patients who took PUFAs, we found less activation of inflammation, oxidative stress, the increasing of docosahexaenoic acid and omega-3 index accompanied by the decreasing of POAF development rates up to 12.8%.

Cardiovascular effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: position of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in Russian and international guidelines. Council of Experts

“…Результаты РКИ FORWARD (n=586) у пациентов с персистирующей ФП после электрической кардиоверсии или пароксизмами ФП [5] и метаанализа исследований по применению омега-3 ПНЖК с целью профилактики повторных пароксизмов и послеоперационной ФП у пациентов после аортокоронарного шунтирования (АКШ) [6] подтверждают низкий риск развития ФП на фоне применения омега-3 ПНЖК. Более того, в российских РКИ показано снижение риска развития послеоперационной ФП на фоне применения омега-3 ПНЖК у пациентов после АКШ [7,8], что также продемонстрировали результаты метаанализа исследований с использованием омега-3 ПНЖК для профилактики послеоперационной ФП [9].…”