Omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Suppress the Development of Aortic Aneurysms Through the Inhibition of Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation

Yoshihara, Takuma; Shimada, Kazunori; Fujita, Kosuke; Sai, Eiryu; Sato-Okabayashi, Yayoi; Matsumori, Rie; Shiozawa, Tomoyuki; Alshahi, Hamad; Miyazaki, Tatsuya; Tada, Norio; Daida, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1253/circj.cj-14-0471

Cited by 64 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Comprehensive studies including evaluation of circulating markers, 25 are warranted to clarify the mechanical relationship between calcification and expansion of AAA, which might add new information about the pathogenesis of AAAs. 26, 27 Alternatively, calcification in the atheroma might physically resist the external expansion of an aneurysm. If calcification by itself could directly suppress expansion, our present findings may be well explained.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverse Correlation Between Calcium Accumulation and the Expansion Rate of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Nakayama

Morita

Hayashi

et al. 2016

Circ J

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverse Correlation Between Calcium Accumulation and the Expansion Rate of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Nakayama

Morita

Hayashi

et al. 2016

Circ J

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“…56 On the other hand, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have the potential to prevent AAA development through inhibition of aortic and macrophage-mediated inflammation. 59 For αvβ3-targeted imaging, the feasibility of 18F-FPPRGD2 imaging has been demonstrated in murine AAAs, 49,50 and a clinical pilot study has also been recently approved in our institution for patients with AAA. the response of atherosclerotic plaques to statins 47 or the oral diabetes medication, pioglitazone.…”

Section: Preclinical and Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Positron Emission Tomography Approaches to Imaging Vascular and Cardiac Inflammation

Amsallem

Saito

Tada

et al. 2016

Circ J

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Inflammation plays a significant role in a wide range of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The numerous implications of inflammation in all steps of CVDs, including initiation, progression and complications, have prompted the emergence of noninvasive imaging modalities as diagnostic, prognostic and monitoring tools. In this review, we first synthesize the existing evidence on the role of inflammation in vascular and cardiac diseases, in order to identify the main targets used in noninvasive imaging. We chose to focus on positron emission tomographic (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, which offer the greatest potential of translation and clinical application. We detail the main preclinical and clinical studies in the following CVDs: coronary and vascular atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysms, myocardial infarction, myocarditis, and acute heart transplant rejection. We highlight the potential complementary roles of these imaging modalities, which are currently being studied in the emerging technology of PET/MRI. Finally, we provide a perspective on innovations and future applications of noninvasive imaging of cardiovascular inflammation. (Circ J 2016; 80: 1269 -1277

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“…As stabilization of coronary artery plaque is generally followed by a reduction in its volume, 6 the results of development through the inhibition of macrophage-mediated inflammation, including MCP-1. 8 Moreover, inflammation may contribute to both the occurrence/maintenance of atrial fibrillation and its thromboembolic complications, and oral intake of EPA may partly prevent atrial fibrillation through antiinflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects. 9 Clinical Use of EPA When considering candidates for EPA treatment in the present clinical settings, there are 3 important clinical studies.…”

Section: Article P 450mentioning

confidence: 99%

Eicosapentaenoic Acid Added to Strong Statin Therapy

Komatsu

Tanaka

2016

Circ J

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Circulation Journal Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society http://www. j-circ.or.jp this study are consistent with the findings of the previous study. In terms of inflammatory markers, coronary sinus levels of pentraxin (PTX) 3 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 were reduced by treatment with EPA. These 2 markers are known to be associated with the mechanism of many inflammatory diseases. In particular, the PTX3 level might reflect atherosclerotic activity, local inflammatory status, and plaque instability at the coronary culprit site more directly than other biomarkers. 7 In addition to the changes in plaque components, coronary vessel volumes were reduced in the EPA group more than in the control group, which also reflected the anti-inflammatory effect of EPA.Regarding the anti-inflammatory effects of EPA, Niki et al explain that its mechanisms were associated with prostaglandins, leukotrienes, nuclear factor κ-B, and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ . 3 PTX3 and MCP-1 levels were reduced in coronary sinus samples after EPA treatment, but not in femoral vein samples. These results suggest that EPA could improve the inflammation of coronary artery plaques. Recent studies have documented the efficacy of EPA in diseases other than coronary artery disease through improvement of inflammation. EPA prevented abdominal aortic aneurysm Beneficial Effects of EPA Statin monotherapy is widely prescribed to treat elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and the beneficial effects on clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular diseases are recognized worldwide. However, patients have a residual risk despite highly effective statin therapy. A number of studies have been conducted over 10 years to explore the effects of adding other treatments to statins, called 'Beyond Statin', such as niacin, cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors, ezetimibe, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Article p 450The JELIS trial reported that EPA was a promising treatment for the prevention of major coronary events in Japanese hypercholesterolemic patients. 1 In that study, 18,645 patients (14,981 in primary prevention and 3,664 in secondary prevention) with hypercholesterolemia were randomly assigned to receive either 1,800 mg of EPA daily with a statin (EPA group; n=9,326) or a statin only (controls; n=9,319) with a 5-year follow-up. A 19% relative reduction in major coronary events was observed in the EPA group (P=0.011), and serum LDL cholesterol was not a significant factor in the reduction of risk for major coronary events. In the secondary prevention subgroup given EPA treatment, major coronary events were reduced by 19% (P=0.048). However, the JELIS trial did not include patients treated with strong statins.It has been reported that in the patients with coronary artery disease treated with a strong statin, the changes in destabilized components of coronary artery plaques evaluated by virtual histology intravascular ultrasound correlated negatively with the EPA to arachidoni...

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Omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Suppress the Development of Aortic Aneurysms Through the Inhibition of Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation

Cited by 64 publications

References 45 publications

Inverse Correlation Between Calcium Accumulation and the Expansion Rate of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Inverse Correlation Between Calcium Accumulation and the Expansion Rate of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Positron Emission Tomography Approaches to Imaging Vascular and Cardiac Inflammation

Eicosapentaenoic Acid Added to Strong Statin Therapy

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