Omega-3 Fatty Acids and their Role in Central Nervous System - A Review

Wysoczański, Tomasz; Sokoła-Wysoczańska, Ewa; Pękala, Jolanta; Lochyński, Stanisław; Czyż, Katarzyna; Bodkowski, Robert; Herbinger, Grzegorz; Patkowska-Sokoła, Bożena; Librowski, Tadeusz

doi:10.2174/0929867323666160122114439

Cited by 95 publications

(65 citation statements)

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“…Marine long chain (LC) omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been reported to have numerous beneficial effects on health such as decreasing cardiovascular diseases, improving immune system and mental health (Song, Shieh, Wu, Kalueff, Gaikwad & Su, 2016;Wysoczanski, Sokoła-Wysoczanska, Pekala, Lochynski, Czyz, Bodkowski et al, 2016;Nichols, McManus, Krail, Sinclair & Miller, 2014). LC omega-3 PUFAs are mainly found in fish and fish products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and oxidative stability of high fat fish oil-in-water emulsions stabilized with sodium caseinate and phosphatidylcholine as emulsifiers

et al. 2019

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and oxidative stability of high fat fish oil-in-water emulsions stabilized with sodium caseinate and phosphatidylcholine as emulsifiers

et al. 2019

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“…The health benefits of dietary supplementation with the essential fatty acids (FA) omega-6 and omega -3 have been extensively investigated in regards to their cardiovascular [1][2][3], neurobehavioral [4][5][6], metabolic [7][8][9] and inflammatory effects [10][11][12][13]. Omega-6 fatty acids are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) found in vegetable oils, nuts and seeds [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in Brain Following Ozone Exposure in Rats Maintained on Coconut, Fish and Olive Oil-Rich Diets

Valdez

Freeborn

Valdez

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Dietary supplementation with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids offer cardioprotection against air pollution, but these protections have not been established in the brain. We tested whether diets rich in omega-3 or -6 fatty acids offered neuroprotective benefits, by measuring mitochondrial complex enzyme I, II and IV activities and oxidative stress measures in the frontal cortex, cerebellum, hypothalamus, and hippocampus of male rats that were fed either a normal diet, or a diet enriched with fish oil olive oil, or coconut oil followed by exposure to either filtered air or ozone (0.8 ppm) for 4 h/day for 2 days. Results show that mitochondrial complex I enzyme activity was significantly decreased in the cerebellum, hypothalamus and hippocampus by diets. Complex II enzyme activity was significantly lower in frontal cortex and cerebellum of rats maintained on all test diets. Complex IV enzyme activity was significantly lower in the frontal cortex, hypothalamus and hippocampus of animals maintained on fish oil. Ozone exposure decreased complex I and II activity in the cerebellum of rats maintained on the normal diet, an effect blocked by diet treatments. While diet and ozone have no apparent influence on endogenous reactive oxygen species production, they do affect antioxidant levels in the brain. Fish oil was the only diet that ozone exposure did not alter. Microglial morphology and GFAP immunoreactivity were assessed across diet groups; results indicated that fish oil consistently decreased reactive microglia in the hypothalamus and hippocampus. These results indicate that acute ozone exposure alters mitochondrial bioenergetics in brain and co-treatment with omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids alleviate some adverse effects within the brain.

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“…1). DHA is crucial to visual acuity and neural development and is the most abundant ω-3 fatty acid in the brain and retina of mammals1320212223242526. DHA also modulates the carrier-mediated transport of choline, glycine, and taurine27, the latter being crucial to neuronal development28.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changeover from signalling to energy-provisioning lipids during transition from colostrum to mature milk in the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

Zhang

Watson

Zhang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Among the large placental mammals, ursids give birth to the most altricial neonates with the lowest neonatal:maternal body mass ratios. This is particularly exemplified by giant pandas. To examine whether there is compensation for the provision of developmentally important nutrients that other species groups may provide in utero, we examined changes in the lipids of colostrum and milk with time after birth in giant pandas. Lipids that are developmental signals or signal precursors, and those that are fundamental to nervous system construction, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and phosphatidylserines, appear early and then fall dramatically in concentration to a baseline at 20–30 days. The dynamics of lysophosphatidic acid and eicosanoids display similar patterns, but with progressive differences between mothers. Triglycerides occur at relatively low levels initially and increase in concentration until a plateau is reached at about 30 days. These patterns indicate an early provision of signalling lipids and their precursors, particularly lipids crucial to brain, retinal and central nervous system development, followed by a changeover to lipids for energy metabolism. Thus, in giant pandas, and possibly in all bears, lactation is adapted to provisioning a highly altricial neonate to a degree that suggests equivalence to an extension of gestation.

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Omega-3 Fatty Acids and their Role in Central Nervous System - A Review

Cited by 95 publications

References 0 publications

Physical and oxidative stability of high fat fish oil-in-water emulsions stabilized with sodium caseinate and phosphatidylcholine as emulsifiers

Physical and oxidative stability of high fat fish oil-in-water emulsions stabilized with sodium caseinate and phosphatidylcholine as emulsifiers

Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in Brain Following Ozone Exposure in Rats Maintained on Coconut, Fish and Olive Oil-Rich Diets

Changeover from signalling to energy-provisioning lipids during transition from colostrum to mature milk in the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

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