Changeover from signalling to energy-provisioning lipids during transition from colostrum to mature milk in the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

Zhang, Tong; Watson, David; Zhang, Rong; Hou, Rong; Loeffler, Ivonne; Kennedy, Malcolm W.

doi:10.1038/srep36141

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…For lipid extraction the cell samples were prepared as described above except that ice-cold isopropanol (IPA) was used as the lysis solvent. LCMS methods were based on those described previously 54 . For phospholipid measurement by LCMS 20μl of lysate solution was injected into a LCMS platform consisting of an Accela 600 LC system and an Exactive mass spectrometer (Thermo Scientific).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyamine pathway activity promotes cysteine essentiality in cancer cells

et al. 2020

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Cancer cells have high demands for non-essential amino acids (NEAA), which are precursors for anabolic and anti-oxidant pathways supporting cell survival and proliferation. It is well established that cancer cells consume the NEAA cysteine, and that cysteine deprivation can induce cell death, however, the specific factors governing acute sensitivity to cysteine starvation are poorly characterised. Here we show that that neither expression of enzymes for cysteine synthesis nor availability of the primary precursor methionine correlated with acute sensitivity to cysteine starvation. We observed a strong correlation between efflux of the methionine-derived metabolite methylthioadenosine (MTA), and cysteine starvation sensitivity. MTA efflux results from genetic deletion of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP), which is frequently deleted in cancers. We show that MTAP loss up-regulates polyamine metabolism which, concurrent with cysteine withdrawal, promotes elevated ROS and prevents cell survival. Our results reveal an unexplored metabolic weakness at the intersection of polyamine and cysteine metabolism.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyamine pathway activity promotes cysteine essentiality in cancer cells

et al. 2020

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“…We recently reported on the dramatic changes in the proteins, oligosaccharides, metabolites and lipids in the species of eutherian mammal with the longest colostrum to mature milk transition known, the giant panda 5 , 70 , 13 . This prolonged transition time may be associated with the altriciality of ursid neonates 5 , 96 , which is the most extreme known amongst eutherians, though not as pronounced as in marsupials 14 , 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid changes in Atlantic grey seal milk from birth to weaning – immune factors and indicators of metabolic strain

Lowe

Bawazeer

Watson

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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True seals have the shortest lactation periods of any group of placental mammal. Most are capital breeders that undergo short, intense lactations, during which they fast while transferring substantial proportions of their body reserves to their pups, which they then abruptly wean. Milk was collected from Atlantic grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) periodically from birth until near weaning. Milk protein profiles matured within 24 hours or less, indicating the most rapid transition from colostrum to mature phase lactation yet observed. There was an unexpected persistence of immunoglobulin G almost until weaning, potentially indicating prolonged trans-intestinal transfer of IgG. Among components of innate immune protection were found fucosyllactose and siallylactose that are thought to impede colonisation by pathogens and encourage an appropriate milk-digestive and protective gut microbiome. These oligosaccharides decreased from early lactation to almost undetectable levels by weaning. Taurine levels were initially high, then fell, possibly indicative of taurine dependency in seals, and progressive depletion of maternal reserves. Metabolites that signal changes in the mother’s metabolism of fats, such as nicotinamide and derivatives, rose from virtual absence, and acetylcarnitines fell. It is therefore possible that indicators of maternal metabolic strain exist that signal the imminence of weaning.

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“…Neonatal cubs may not be able to digest TAGs efficiently because the function of the pancreas was not yet fully developed. Instead, lipase from milk was thought to help digestion of triglyceride during the neonatal period [ 39 ]. Conversely, genes in cholesterol metabolism-related terms had the lowest expression values in the adult group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression profiles during postnatal development of the liver and pancreas in giant pandas

Shen

Chen

et al. 2020

Aging

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Giant pandas are unique Carnivora with a strict bamboo diet. To investigate the molecular mechanism of giant panda nutrient metabolism from newborn to adult, the gene expression profiles of giant panda liver and pancreas tissues collected from three important feeding stages were investigated using RNA-seq. We found a total of 3,211 hepatic and 3,343 pancreatic differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from three comparisons between suckling and no feeding, adult and no feeding, and adult and suckling groups. Few differences in gene-expression profiles were exhibited between no feeding and suckling groups in both tissues. GO and KEGG analyses were performed to further understand the biological functions of the DEGs. In both the liver and pancreas, genes related mainly to cell cycle processes were highly up-regulated in newborn samples whereas genes related to metabolism and immunity were up-regulated in adult giant pandas. The high expression of metabolism-related genes in adult samples probably helps to fulfill the metabolic function requirements of the liver and pancreas. In contrast, several vital genes involved in cholesterol metabolism and protein digestion and absorption were over-expressed in newborn samples. This may indicate the importance of cholesterol metabolism and protein digestion and absorption processes in giant panda infancy.

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Changeover from signalling to energy-provisioning lipids during transition from colostrum to mature milk in the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Polyamine pathway activity promotes cysteine essentiality in cancer cells

Polyamine pathway activity promotes cysteine essentiality in cancer cells

Rapid changes in Atlantic grey seal milk from birth to weaning – immune factors and indicators of metabolic strain

Gene expression profiles during postnatal development of the liver and pancreas in giant pandas

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