Olivine as tar removal catalyst for biomass gasifiers: Catalyst characterization

Hydrothermal Treatment of Tannin: A Route to Porous Metal Oxides and Metal/Carbon Hybrid Materials

“…Therefore, the higher evolution of gases, essentially H2 and CO2, during the hydrothermal process [60] is expected to favour the higher porosity and surface area after carbonisation of the iron-loaded carbon materials. Vµ,N2 was always lower than the one determined by DR method applied to the CO2 isotherm, Vµ,CO2, meaning that the materials had an important The catalytic effect of Fe on tar yield reduction during dry biomass gasification is indeed well-known [58], and Fe is usually added to Ni catalysts to increase the selectivity to hydrogen production [59]. Therefore, the higher evolution of gases, essentially H 2 and CO 2 , during the hydrothermal process [60] is expected to favour the higher porosity and surface area after carbonisation of the iron-loaded carbon materials.…”

“…Although Ni catalysts have been more frequently used to increase the hydrothermal gasification of biomass [57], it is clear that Fe ions also have a catalytic effect on the production of gas, most probably leading to the activation of the carbon with a resultant higher surface area related to the corresponding production of narrow porosity. The catalytic effect of Fe on tar yield reduction during dry biomass gasification is indeed well-known [58], and Fe is usually added to Ni catalysts to increase the selectivity to hydrogen production [59]. Therefore, the higher evolution of gases, essentially H2 and CO2, during the hydrothermal process [60] is expected to favour the higher porosity and surface area after carbonisation of the iron-loaded carbon materials.…”

Influence of coated olivine on the conversion of intermediate products from decomposition of biomass tars during gasification

“…Fresh olivine was pretreated by calcination at 1200°C. The detailed procedure of such a pretreatment has been previously described [37,38]. The consequences of pretreatment itself regarding the catalytic activity of the material were not part of this work and will therefore not be discussed further.…”

Synthesis of Transportation Fuels from Biomass: Chemistry, Catalysts, and Engineering

“…92,93 The operating conditions for using dolomite catalyst are temperatures from 700 to 100°C and space times from 0.007 to 7 s. 56 Other nonmetallic oxide catalysts used for this reaction include MgO, 87 CaO, 87 and olivine (a magnesium aluminosilicate). 58,94,95 Ni-based catalysts are used industrially for steam reforming of naphtha and methane, 96,97 so it is not surprising that Nibased catalysts have proven to be very effective for hot gas conditioning of biomass gasification product gases. Ni-based catalysts have a high activity for tar destruction, methane reforming, and have some WGS activity.…”