Olive Pomace Oil versus High Oleic Sunflower Oil and Sunflower Oil: A Comparative Study in Healthy and Cardiovascular Risk Humans

Abstract

Olive pomace oil (OPO) is mainly a source of monounsaturated fat together with a wide variety of bioactive compounds, such as triterpenic acids and dialcohols, squalene, tocopherols, sterols and aliphatic fatty alcohols. To date, two long-term intervention studies have evaluated OPO’s health effects in comparison with high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO, study-1) and sunflower oil (SO study-2) in healthy and cardiovascular risk subjects. The present study integrates the health effects observed with the three oils. Two randomized, blinded, cross-over controlled clinical trials were carried out in 65 normocholesterolemic and 67 moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects. Each study lasted fourteen weeks, with two four-week intervention phases (OPO versus HOSO or SO), each preceded by a three-week run-in or washout period. Regular OPO consumption reduced total cholesterol (p = 0.017) and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.018) levels as well as waist circumference (p = 0.026), and only within the healthy group did malondialdehyde (p = 0.004) levels decrease after OPO intake versus HOSO. Contrarily, after the SO intervention, apolipoprotein (APO) B (p < 0.001) and Apo B/Apo A ratio (p < 0.001) increased, and to a lower extent APO B increased with OPO. There were no differences between the study groups. OPO intake may improve cardiometabolic risk, particularly through reducing cholesterol-related parameters and waist circumference in healthy and hypercholesterolemic subjects.

Material Evidence of Sediments Recovered from Ancient Amphorae Found at the Potaissa Roman Fortress

“…The dominant organic volatile compound in all three samples is squalene, which confirms the sediment origins in the amphora’s ancient content. Unfortunately, squalene is reported in the literature to have a strong connection with not only wine residue [ 40 , 41 ] but also olive oil [ 42 , 43 ]. Thus, several volatile compounds such alcohol residue, such as 1-Hexadecanol and 1-Dodecanol, 2-octyl and several alkanes such astridecane, teradecane and heptadecane were found in Samples 1 and 3 which do not appear in Sample 2.…”

Olive oil and body fat: a systematic review withmeta-analysis

“…Regarding body composition, the outcomes of total body adiposity (in kilograms and percentage) and lean mass were evaluated through meta-analysis. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 12 studies, 7,19,33,35,36,39,40,42,50,57,60,66 by bioelectric impedance in 17 studies, 29,31,38,41,47,48,[51][52][53][54][55][56]58,61,65,67,73 by plethysmography system in two studies 17,63 and in another body fat was calculated from the three-compartment model based on measurement of skin fold thick. 21 The other studies utilized computed tomography and DXA 59 or bioelectric impedance.…”

“…Six studies 47,59,62,66,70,73 provided data to analyze the effect of OO intake on visceral adipose tissue, and four studies 47,59,62,70 provided data to assess subcutaneous adipose tissue. However, the results were very heterogeneous and, because the adipose tissue data were presented quantitatively through absolute quantity (in kilograms), area in square centimeters, or volume in cubic centimeters, no meta-analysis was performed.…”

Effect of Olive Pomace Oil on Cardiovascular Health and Associated Pathologies

“…This present study is focused on the second study. Recently, the comparison of the two clinical trials has been published [ 17 ].…”