Oligomerized grape seed polyphenols attenuate inflammatory changes due to antioxidative properties in coculture of adipocytes and macrophages

Sakurai, Takeshi; Kitadate, Kentaro; Nishioka, Hiroshi; Fujii, H.; Kizaki, Takako; Kondoh, Yasumasa; Izawa, Tetsuya; Ishida, Hideyuki; Radák, Zsolt; Ohno, Hideki

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2008.10.003

Cited by 51 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…17 In addition, oligomerized grape seed polyphenols reduced NFkB transcriptional activity and activation of extracellular signalrelated kinase (ERK), a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), in a coculture of murine adipocytes and MFs. 16 Consistent with these data, we recently found that a grape powder extract (GPE) made from table grapes from the California Table Grape Commission attenuated inflammatory signaling, such as MAPKs and transcription factors NFkB and activator protein (AP)-1 in human MFs, and cross-talk with adipocytes. 18 Furthermore, we found that this GPE had relatively high levels of quercetin (QUE).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Grapes are one of the most widely consumed fruits in the world. 16 They contain high concentrations of polyphenols, which have been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. For example, grape seed procyanidin modulated the inflammatory response in endotoxin-stimulated RAW264 MFs by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quercetin attenuates inflammation in human macrophages and adipocytes exposed to macrophage-conditioned media

Overman

McIntosh

2011

Int J Obes

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Background: Obesity is linked to chronic inflammation in white adipose tissue, which is exacerbated by infiltrating macrophages (MFs). We recently demonstrated that an extract from grape powder (GPE), which is abundant in quercetin (QUE), reduced inflammation in human MFs and prevented MF-mediated inflammation and insulin resistance in human adipocytes. However, we did not know how QUE individually affected these outcomes. Objective and design: We examined the extent to which QUE prevents inflammation in human MFs (that is, differentiated U937 cell line) and cross-talk with human adipocytes (that is, primary cultures of newly differentiated human adipocytes). Methods and results: Treatment of MFs with QUE attenuated the basal expression of inflammatory genes, such as tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1b and interferon-g inducible protein-10, and cyclooxygenase-2, a marker of prostaglandin production. QUE also attenuated the abundance of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and c-Jun, and IkBa degradation in MFs. Furthermore, conditioned media (CM) obtained from MFs treated with QUE decreased the capacity of this CM to inflame adipocytes and cause insulin resistance as evidenced by decreased: (1) inflammatory gene expression, (2) phosphorylation of JNK and c-Jun, (3) serine residue 307 phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, 4) protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B gene expression and 5) suppression of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Conclusion: Taken together, these data suggest that QUE is one of the bioactive components of GPE that prevents inflammation in MFs and MF-mediated insulin resistance in adipocytes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quercetin attenuates inflammation in human macrophages and adipocytes exposed to macrophage-conditioned media

Overman

McIntosh

2011

Int J Obes

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“…Grapes are one of the most widely consumed fruits in the world. 17 They contain high concentrations of polyphenols that have been shown in numerous in vivo and in vitro studies to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. For example, grape seed procyanidin modulated the inflammatory response in endotoxin-stimulated RAW264 MFs by inhibiting NF-kB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 In addition, oligomerized grape seed polyphenols have been shown to reduce NF-kB transcriptional activity and activation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) in a coculture of murine adipocytes and MFs. 17 However, the ability of grape powder extract (GPE) to prevent inflammation in human MFs and block inflammation and insulin resistance in human adipocytes treated with MF-conditioned media (CM) is unknown. Furthermore, the potential anti-inflammatory mechanisms of action of GPE are unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol-rich grape powder extract (GPE) attenuates inflammation in human macrophages and in human adipocytes exposed to macrophage-conditioned media

et al. 2010

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Background: Obesity-associated inflammation is characterized by an increased abundance of macrophages (MFs) in white adipose tissue (WAT), leading to the production of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and prostaglandins (PGs) that can cause insulin resistance. Grape powder extract (GPE) is rich in phenolic phytochemicals that possess anti-oxidant and antiinflammatory properties. Objective: We examined the ability of GPE to prevent lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammation in human MFs and silence the cross-talk between human MFs and adipocytes. Design: We investigated the effect of GPE pretreatment on LPS-mediated activation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1), and induction of inflammatory genes in human MFs (that is, differentiated U937 cells). In addition, we determined the effect of GPE pretreatment of MFs on inflammation and insulin resistance in primary human adipocytes incubated with LPS-challenged MF-conditioned medium (MF-CM). Methods and Results: Pretreatment of MFs with GPE attenuated LPS-induction of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1b; chemokines, such as IL-8 and interferon-g inducible protein-10 (IP-10); and a marker of PG production, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Grape powder extract also attenuated LPS activation of MAPKs, NF-kB and AP-1 (c-Jun), as evidenced by decreased (1) phosphorylation of c-Jun NH 2 -terminal kinase (JNK) and p38; (2) degradation of IkBa and activation of an NF-kB reporter construct; and (3) phosphorylation of c-Jun and Elk-1. Using LPSchallenged MF-CM, GPE pretreatment attenuated MF-mediated inflammatory gene expression, activation of an NF-kB reporter and suppression of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in human adipocytes. Conclusion:Collectively, these data demonstrate that GPE attenuates LPS-mediated inflammation in MFs, possibly by decreasing the activation of MAPKs, NF-kB and AP-1, and that GPE decreases the capacity of LPS-stimulated MFs to inflame adipocytes and cause insulin resistance.

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“…Studies with adipocytes were conducted based on reports of tea catechins suppressing adipocyte differentiation (Furuyashiki et al, 2004) and of an oligomerized grape seed extract attenuating infl ammatory changes induced by the co-culture of adipocytes and macrophages (Sakurai et al, 2010). Oxidant defense was measured in vitro in order to compare bioactivity of the FRLFE with similar reported outcomes from fl avonoid-rich extracts of cocoa (Martin et al, 2009), grape seed (Sakurai et al, 2010) and green tea (Fukushima et al, S. KALGAONKAR ET AL. 2009). Erythrocyte membrane stability was chosen as a functional index of oxidant defense due to the inherent limitations of most in vitro oxidant defense measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity of a flavanol‐rich lychee fruit extract in adipocytes and its effects on oxidant defense and indices of metabolic syndrome in animal models

Kalgaonkar

Nishioka

Gross

et al. 2010

Phytotherapy Research

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Many polyphenolic compounds are poorly digested, and have low bioavailability due to their long chain lengths and chemical composition. A processed, flavanol-rich lychee fruit extract (FRLFE) that is higher in flavanol monomers, dimer and trimers than its unprocessed counterpart, was tested in a variety of models. First, mature visceral adipocytes were treated with 0, 3, 10 or 30 microg/mL FRLFE (day 6-8). Compared with the controls, the treated cells had lower triglyceride concentrations, less lipid accumulation and a smaller lipid droplet size. Adiponectin release was significantly greater in cells receiving 3 or 10 microg/mL FRLFE than in the controls. Second, rats given a single dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg FRLFE had significant increases in plasma (-)-epicatechin, 3'-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin, and (+)-catechin levels, peak values were at approximately 2 h and appreciable concentrations were still detected at 6 h. Rats supplemented daily for 1 week with 50 or 100 mg/kg FRLFE had significantly elevated metabolite concentrations. In response to an oxidative stress, erythrocyte membrane integrity was significantly improved in the 100 mg/kg FRLFE group. Third, 7-month-old mice fed a 200 mg/kg FRLFE diet for 10 months showed a significant decrease in glucose, triglyceride and lipid peroxide levels compared with mice fed a control diet. Collectively, these results support the concept that the flavanols present in FRLFE are well absorbed and bioactive.

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Oligomerized grape seed polyphenols attenuate inflammatory changes due to antioxidative properties in coculture of adipocytes and macrophages

Cited by 51 publications

References 39 publications

Quercetin attenuates inflammation in human macrophages and adipocytes exposed to macrophage-conditioned media

Quercetin attenuates inflammation in human macrophages and adipocytes exposed to macrophage-conditioned media

Polyphenol-rich grape powder extract (GPE) attenuates inflammation in human macrophages and in human adipocytes exposed to macrophage-conditioned media

Bioactivity of a flavanol‐rich lychee fruit extract in adipocytes and its effects on oxidant defense and indices of metabolic syndrome in animal models

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