Olfactory Mucosa Is a Potential Source for Autologous Stem Cell Therapy for Parkinson's Disease

Abstract

Parkinson's disease is a complex disorder characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in the brain. Stem cell transplantation is aimed at replacing dopaminergic neurons because the most successful drug therapies affect these neurons and their synaptic targets. We show here that neural progenitors can be grown from the olfactory organ of humans, including those with Parkinson's disease. These neural progenitors proliferated and generated dopami-

Células-tronco derivadas do epitélio olfatório: perspectivas terapêuticas na medicina veterinária

“…Outros estudos mostraram melhoras no comportamento e nas lesões do corpo estriado de ratos utilizados como modelo animal para o estudo de Parkinson (Murrell et al 2008, Wang et al 2012. Células globosas basais são células-tronco presentes no epitélio olfatório que embora sua função ainda precise ser mais bem estudada, são importantes para a manutenção do epitélio olfatório (Suzuki et al 2013) e em condições ideais in vitro elas possuem capacidade de autorenovação e diferenciação em células da glia e neurônios (Beites et al 2005).…”

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“…129 Studies have shown that LPSCs may have vast replicative potential because they can generate dopaminergic cells after transplantation in a rat model of Parkinson disease and can also give rise to mesodermal cell types. 128,130 For this reason, these residents of lamina propria have been referred to as mesenchymal(-like) stem cells.…”

Le nez au chevet du cerveau

“…Ce nouveau type de cellule souche, qui combine certaines caractéristiques des cellules souches mésenchymateuses et des cellules souches neurales, nous est donc apparu comme un parfait candidat pour des expériences de thérapie neurale. En 2008, à l'aide d'un modèle animal de la maladie de Parkinson, nous avons apporté la première démons-tration que des cellules souches de la muqueuse olfactive humaine étaient capables de rétablir des fonctions perdues lorsqu'elles sont transplantées dans les zones cérébrales affectées par une neurodégénérescence [3]. De plus, l'équipe de Roisen aux États-Unis a démontré que la transplantation de cellules souches olfactives nasales humaines améliorait significativement la locomotion de rats devenus paraplé-giques après une section de la moelle épinière [4].…”