Olfactory evaluation in obstructive sleep apnoea patients

Magliulo, Giuseppe; Vincentiis, Marco de; Iannella, Giannicola; Ciofalo, Andrea; Pasquariello, Benedetta; Manno, Alessandra; Angeletti, Diletta; Polimeni, Antonella

doi:10.14639/0392-100x-1981

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“… 40 (controls) Mild to moderate OSA ( n = 40) The triple-drop method (gustatory testing) 23.8 ± 4.9 (mild to moderate OSA) The significant negative correlations were found between Severe OSA ( n = 40) 22.5 ± 4.7 (severe OSA) AHI and all the olfactory parameters. Magliulo (2018) [ 15 ] 60 (study) 53.1 64 (M) AHI < 5 ( n =40) Sniffin’ Sticks test 30 ± 8.09 (study) 36.6% - Patients with OSA have a high incidence of olfactory dysfunction. The degree of olfactory dysfunction is related to the severity of OSA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on these outcomes, they speculated that performing nasal surgery to increase airflow in OSA subjects may also improve olfactory performance. According to Magliulo et al, nasal obstruction directly affects OF in patients with OSA because the impairment resulting from the anterior rhinomanometry was more common among patients with olfactory dysfunction than in those without olfactory dysfunction [ 15 ]. In addition, OSA patients usually show poor mucociliary clearance, which leads to disrupted interaction between odorants and the olfactory epithelium [ 15 , 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Magliulo et al, nasal obstruction directly affects OF in patients with OSA because the impairment resulting from the anterior rhinomanometry was more common among patients with olfactory dysfunction than in those without olfactory dysfunction [ 15 ]. In addition, OSA patients usually show poor mucociliary clearance, which leads to disrupted interaction between odorants and the olfactory epithelium [ 15 , 20 ]. Further studies are also needed to evaluate whether proinflammatory markers in the nasal airway, which have been previously shown to be increased in the upper airway samples of patients with OSA, contribute to olfactory alterations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Olfactory function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and the effect of positive airway pressure treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Bınar¹,

Gökgöz²

2021

Sleep Breath

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Objectives To investigate olfactory function (OF) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and evaluate whether or not the use of positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment has an impact on olfactory performance. Methods All studies published in English that gave satisfactory data regarding the assessment of OF in patients with OSA were included in this review. First, a baseline assessment of OF in patients with OSA who had not received any treatment was examined. Second, the effect of PAP therapy on OF was assessed to be able to make before and after comparisons. The primary outcome of this study was the threshold-discrimination identification (TDI) scores, obtained from the Sniffin’ Sticks test. Results The database search identified 552 articles. According to the exclusion criteria, 11 studies involving 557 patients diagnosed with OSA were included in this meta-analysis. The general rate of olfactory dysfunction was 73% (95% CI: 56.481–87.057) among the patients with OSA. The patients with OSA had lower TDI scores compared to the control group and the difference was statistically significant ( p < 0.001). PAP treatment significantly improved the TDI scores in patients with OSA ( p < 0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between the severity of apnea-hypopnea index and TDI scores ( p = 0.001, z = −3.377, r = −0.438) and between age and TDI scores ( p = 0.007, z = −2.695, r = −0.236). Conclusion This meta-analysis demonstrates that OSA impairs OF, while PAP treatment can reverse the olfactory performance of patients with OSA.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Olfactory function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and the effect of positive airway pressure treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Bınar¹,

Gökgöz²

2021

Sleep Breath

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“…It has been suggested that the olfactory bulb could be the nidus of pathology in several dementia subtypes [ 23 ]. In OSA, disorders of olfaction have been characterized as well, with the degree of olfactory disturbance correlating with the severity of disease [ 24 ]. Furthermore, there is improvement in olfaction after therapy with OSA [ 25 ], demonstrating that olfactory pathways maybe early sites of involvement with both diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Dementia-Common Gene Associations through Network-Based Identification of Common Driver Genes

Jeong

Chandrakantan

Adler

2021

Genes

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Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) occurs in 7% of the adult population. The relationship between neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and sleep disorders have long attracted clinical attention; however, no comprehensive data exists elucidating common gene expression between the two diseases. The objective of this study was to (1) demonstrate the practicability and feasibility of utilizing a systems biology approach called network-based identification of common driver genes (NICD) to identify common genomic features between two associated diseases and (2) utilize this approach to identify genes associated with both OSA and dementia. Methods: This study utilized 2 public databases (PCNet, DisGeNET) and a permutation assay in order to identify common genes between two co-morbid but mutually exclusive diseases. These genes were then linked to their mechanistic pathways through Enrichr, producing a list of genes that were common between the two different diseases. Results: 42 common genes were identified between OSA and dementia which were primarily linked to the G-coupled protein receptor (GPCR) and olfactory pathways. No single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the viability of using publicly available databases and permutation assays along with canonical pathway linkage to identify common gene drivers as potential mechanistic targets for comorbid diseases.

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“…Cell neurogenesis and hippocampus, frontal cortex, and grey matter density also reduced in patients with OSA. 22,23 Magliulo, et al 24 investigated olfactory dysfunction in patients with OSA. Sniffin' Sticks method was used to evaluate olfactory performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory Bulb Volume and Olfactory Sulcus Depth in Patients With OSA: An MRI Evaluation

2019

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Objectives: We evaluated olfactory functions in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: The cranial magnetic resonance images of 58 adult patients (36 males and 22 females) aged 27 to 79 years were retrieved from the hospital picture archiving and communication system (PACS) system. There were 29 patients with OSA (17 males and 12 females), diagnosed according to the polysomnography results. A control group consisted of 29 healthy patients without OSA. Olfactory bulb (OB) volume and olfactory sulcus (OS) depth measurements were performed. Nasal septal deviation (SD) was also evaluated and recorded as no SD, deviation to the right, and deviation to the left in all groups. Results: Olfactory bulb volumes of the OSA group were significantly lower than those of the control group ( P < .05), whereas OS depth values were not different ( P > .05). There was a positive correlation between the right and left OB volumes and right and left OS depth values ( P < .05). In older patients with OSA and in female patients with OSA, OB volumes decreased bilaterally ( P < .05). Olfactory sulcus depth of the right side was lower in the female patients with OSA compared to the male patients with OSA ( P < .05). There were no significant correlations between apnea–hypopnea index and OB volumes and OS depth values in the OSA group ( P > .05) Conclusion: In patients with OSA, OB volumes decreased bilaterally. It may be related to intermittent nocturnal hypoxia/reoxygenation episodes, which may be a trigger for upper airway inflammation; and proinflammatory mediators maybe harmful on olfactory neuroepithelium and olfactory impairment may occur.

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Olfactory evaluation in obstructive sleep apnoea patients

Cited by 31 publications

References 46 publications

Olfactory function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and the effect of positive airway pressure treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Olfactory function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and the effect of positive airway pressure treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Dementia-Common Gene Associations through Network-Based Identification of Common Driver Genes

Olfactory Bulb Volume and Olfactory Sulcus Depth in Patients With OSA: An MRI Evaluation

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