Olfactory Dysfunction in Traumatic Brain Injury: the Role of Neurogenesis

Marı́n, Concepció; Langdon, Cristóbal; Alobid, Isam; Mullol, Joaquim

doi:10.1007/s11882-020-00949-x

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…Neurogenic and proliferative abilities are recognized for olfactory bulbs ( 43 ), with studies showing that after different types of lesions spontaneous recovery occurs over time ( 42 , 44 , 45 , 55 ). To test the hypothesis that odor discrimination could be regained over time, we investigated the effects of time and treatment on Sham and OBX mice capability to discriminate odor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidepressant-Like Effects of Chronic Guanosine in the Olfactory Bulbectomy Mouse Model

et al. 2021

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) leads to pervasive changes in the health of afflicted patients. Despite advances in the understanding of MDD and its treatment, profound innovation is needed to develop fast-onset antidepressants with higher effectiveness. When acutely administered, the endogenous nucleoside guanosine (GUO) shows fast-onset antidepressant-like effects in several mouse models, including the olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) rodent model. OBX is advocated to possess translational value and be suitable to assess the time course of depressive-like behavior in rodents. This study aimed at investigating the long-term behavioral and neurochemical effects of GUO in a mouse model of depression induced by bilateral bulbectomy (OBX). Mice were submitted to OBX and, after 14 days of recovery, received daily (ip) administration of 7.5 mg/kg GUO or 40 mg/kg imipramine (IMI) for 45 days. GUO and IMI reversed the OBX-induced hyperlocomotion and recognition memory impairment, hippocampal BDNF increase, and redox imbalance (ROS, NO, and GSH levels). GUO also mitigated the OBX-induced hippocampal neuroinflammation (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, INF-γ, and IL-10). Brain microPET imaging ([18F]FDG) shows that GUO also prevented the OBX-induced increase in hippocampal FDG metabolism. These results provide additional evidence for GUO antidepressant-like effects, associated with beneficial neurochemical outcomes relevant to counteract depression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidepressant-Like Effects of Chronic Guanosine in the Olfactory Bulbectomy Mouse Model

et al. 2021

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“…Traumatic brain injuries are the most common cause of olfactory dysfunction and up to 60% of patients with traumatic brain injury presented with olfactory dysfunction (Schofield et al, 2014;Drummond et al, 2015;Lecuyer Giguère et al, 2019). Three specific mechanisms have been proposed to describe the possible pathophysiology of post-traumatic olfactory dysfunction including sinonasal tract disruption, direct shearing or stretching of olfactory nerve fibers at the cribriform plate, and focal contusion or hemorrhage within the olfactory bulb and cortex (Marin et al, 2020). Any patient with post-traumatic olfactory dysfunction might be caused by the disruption of any or all of the above components and it is difficult to differentiate due to the lack of specific and comprehensive evaluation techniques in patients (Coelho and Costanzo, 2016;Limphaibool et al, 2020).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Olfactory Impairment In Post-infectious Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Implications of Psychophysical Olfactory Testing: Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment Outcome

Bleier

Wei

et al. 2021

Front. Neurosci.

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Purpose of ReviewOlfactory dysfunction dramatically impairs quality of life with a prevalence of 20% in the general adult population. Psychophysical olfactory testing has been widely used to evaluate the ability to smell due to its validated utility and feasibility in clinic. This review summarizes the current literature regarding psychophysical olfactory testing and the clinical relevance of the olfactory testing with different components. Furthermore, the review highlights the diagnosis and treatment value of olfactory subtests in patients with olfactory dysfunction.Recent FindingsWith the accumulation of studies of psychophysical olfactory testing in olfactory disorders, the clinical relevance of olfactory testing with different components is expanding. Different olfactory domains present with distinct olfactory processing and cortical activity. Psychophysical assessment of olfaction with three domains reveals different levels of olfactory processing and might assist with analyzing the pathophysiologic mechanism of the various olfactory disorders. Furthermore, olfactory thresholds provided the largest amount of non-redundant information to the olfactory diagnosis. Sinonasal olfactory dysfunction and non-sinonasal-related olfactory dysfunction are emerging classifications of smell disorders with certain characteristics of olfactory impairment and different responses to the therapy including steroids, sinus surgery, and olfactory training.SummaryThese recent advancements should promote the understanding of psychophysical olfactory testing, the association between individual subcomponents and neurophysiological processes, and pave the way for precision assessment and treatment of the olfactory dysfunction.

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“…Not considering aging, olfactory loss is most commonly caused by rhinosinusitis (either acute or chronic) [ 4 ]. Other etiologies include post-infectious sequelae from an upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) and SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) [ 5 ], head trauma [ 6 ], and other rarer conditions and exposures such as neurodegenerative disease [ 7 ], inhaled toxins, or medication side effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapies for Olfactory Dysfunction — an Update

Jafari

Holbrook

2022

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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Purpose of Review Olfactory dysfunction is a prevalent condition affecting 5–15% of the general population, with significant impact on quality of life. This review summarizes the most recent and relevant literature in the treatment of olfactory dysfunction. Recent Findings Current evidence supports the short-term use of topical corticosteroids and systemic therapy. These treatments may occur in conjunction with olfactory training, which is well supported by the literature. While there are several additional treatments currently under investigation, meaningful conclusions are not yet able to be made regarding their efficacy. Summary The treatment of olfactory dysfunction is targeted at the suspected etiology when possible. After normal aging, chronic rhinosinusitis, post-infectious sequelae including as a result SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19), and head trauma are the most common causes. Current evidence supports the short-term use of topical corticosteroids and systemic therapy. Several additional treatments are under investigation but recommendations for their use cannot currently be made. Graphical abstract

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Olfactory Dysfunction in Traumatic Brain Injury: the Role of Neurogenesis

Cited by 17 publications

References 125 publications

Antidepressant-Like Effects of Chronic Guanosine in the Olfactory Bulbectomy Mouse Model

Antidepressant-Like Effects of Chronic Guanosine in the Olfactory Bulbectomy Mouse Model

Clinical Implications of Psychophysical Olfactory Testing: Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment Outcome

Therapies for Olfactory Dysfunction — an Update

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