Therapies for Olfactory Dysfunction — an Update

Abstract

Purpose of Review Olfactory dysfunction is a prevalent condition affecting 5–15% of the general population, with significant impact on quality of life. This review summarizes the most recent and relevant literature in the treatment of olfactory dysfunction. Recent Findings Current evidence supports the short-term use of topical corticosteroids and systemic therapy. These treatments may occur in conjunction with olfactory training, which is well supported by the literature. While there are several additional treatments currently under investigation, meaningful conclusions are not yet able to be made regarding their efficacy. Summary The treatment of olfactory dysfunction is targeted at the suspected etiology when possible. After normal aging, chronic rhinosinusitis, post-infectious sequelae including as a result SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19), and head trauma are the most common causes. Current evidence supports the short-term use of topical corticosteroids and systemic therapy. Several additional treatments are under investigation but recommendations for their use cannot currently be made. Graphical abstract

In reference to Intranasal Corticosteroid Treatment on Recovery of Long‐Term Olfactory Dysfunction Due to COVID‐19

“…Authors concluded that NC may have a positive effect on the recovery process. Given the high social impact of COVID‐19‐related OD 2 , 3 , 4 and regarding the lack of specific therapies for post‐viral OD, 5 , 6 this topic is particularly important. NCs represent a first‐line therapy in the treatment of OD‐related to chronic rhinosinusitis.…”

How to bring back the sense of smell

“…Although loss of smell received little public attention before COVID-19, "the reality is smell loss is something that is quite prevalent", says Aria Jafari, a rhinologist at the University of Washington in Seattle. Between 5 and 15% of the general population, and nearly half of those between the ages of 65 and 80, have experienced impairment of their sense of smell 2 .…”

Ist Geruchsverlust heilbar?

“…Methoden im Licht der durch Covid-19 veränderten Situation zusammgefasst. 2) Die bisher am häufigsten versuchte Heilmethode ist das Geruchs trai ning, das Thomas Hummel von der TU Dresden im Jahr 2009 entwickelt hat. Diese Methode sieht vor, täglich an vier Geruchsproben zu schnüffeln -im ursprünglichen Protokoll an Rosen-, Eukalyptus-, Gewürznelken-und Zitronenduft.…”