Olfactory Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis: Evidence of a Decrease in Different Aspects of Olfactory Function

Rolet, A; Magnin, Éloi; Millot, Jean-Louis; Berger, Ėric; Vidal, Chrystelle; Sileman, G; Rumbach, L.

doi:10.1159/000345482

Cited by 40 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This patient group was also reported to have heightened awareness of their olfactory troubles relative to other disease stages 47 51 52. In clinically isolated syndrome and early RRMS, increased disease activity within the preceding 2 years of olfactory assessment was associated with poorer olfactory function, especially in the threshold domain 41 44. In a similar vein, relapses negatively impact olfactory function, again with threshold disturbance being preferentially affected 41.…”

Section: Olfactory Dysfunction In Cns Demyelinating Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In MS, the most striking difference in psychophysical findings exists between early versus late disease stages. Olfactory loss can be detected at the earliest of disease stages, namely at first presentation and in early relapsing-remitting (RR) MS 41 44 47. Lutterotti et al 41 observed olfactory impairments in 4/5 patients with clinically isolated syndrome.…”

Section: Olfactory Dysfunction In Cns Demyelinating Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Back on the scent: the olfactory system in CNS demyelinating diseases

Joseph

DeLuca

2016

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry

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Olfactory dysfunction is recognised across an ever broadening spectrum of neuropsychiatric conditions including central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO). In this review, we unravel the striking evidence highlighting how olfactory loss is a common clinical feature in MS and NMO. We provide an overview of the supportive psychophysical, electrophysiological, radiological and pathological data that point to the anatomical substrate of olfactory deficits in these diseases. The pattern of underlying pathology affecting the olfactory system is shown to be complex, involving multiple structures that are affected in different ways throughout the course of the disease. This review is the first to synthesise the expanding body of literature on the topic, provides novel insight into the way in which the olfactory system is affected in CNS demyelinating diseases, and raises intriguing questions about the role of this system in the pathogenesis of these diseases.

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Section: Olfactory Dysfunction In Cns Demyelinating Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Olfactory Dysfunction In Cns Demyelinating Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Back on the scent: the olfactory system in CNS demyelinating diseases

Joseph

DeLuca

2016

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry

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“…GMV gray matter volume, VBM voxel-based morphometry, NMOSDs neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, WM white matter, HC healthy controls, ODF olfactory dysfunction, FDR false discovery rate. Bars represent the group mean values; standard deviation of the mean was used MS, which has been indicated anywhere from 15 to 44.4 % [19][20][21][22], and lower than that of Parkinson's disease, which is over 80 % [23]. Only three of 27 patients with olfactory dysfunction complained of abnormal olfactory ability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory dysfunction in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2015

J Neurol

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Few data were available for the understanding of olfactory function in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs). The aims of our study were to investigate the incidence of olfactory dysfunction and characterize olfactory structures, using MRI, in patients with NMOSDs. Olfactory function was evaluated by olfactometer in 49 patients with NMOSDs and 26 matched healthy controls. MRI parameters such as olfactory bulb (OB) and the olfactory-related gray matter volume changes were assessed. The frequency of olfactory dysfunction was 53% in patients with NMOSDs. Olfactory detection thresholds were positively correlated with serum aquaporin-4 antibodies (fluorescent units) tested by fluorescent immunoprecipitation assay (FIPA) in NMOSDs (p = 0.009). Patients with olfactory dysfunction had smaller OB volume than did patients without olfactory dysfunction or controls (p < 0.01). Both detection and recognition thresholds for olfaction were negatively correlated with OB volume (p = 0.018, p < 0.01). The significant gray matter volume reduction in NMOSDs was found in the bilateral piriform cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and parahippocampal gyri (FDR correction, p < 0.05, cluster size >200 voxels). Our data suggested that olfactory function deficits are prevalent in patients with NMOSDs. Reduced OB and olfactory-related cortex volume may be responsible for the olfactory dysfunction.

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“…Patients found to have olfactory dysfunction using psychometric testing procedures may exhibit normal OEPs and vice versa . Psychometric results and H 2 S latencies both correlated with the EDSS score (disability status) [4,14]. Results from published data are, however, inconsistent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI Study: Objective Olfactory Function and CNS Pathologies in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Holinski¹,

Schmidt²,

Dahlslett³

et al. 2014

Eur Neurol

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Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease characterized by CNS lesions causing physical and cognitive impairment. Using psychophysical testing, an olfactory disorder is diagnosed in 15-38.5% of patients with MS. Olfactometry permits objective testing of the sensory nerve function. Methods: The study looked at 20 patients with MS. Clinical, olfactory (chemosensory evoked potentials), and MRI data (volume of the bulbus olfactorius (BO), olfactory brain (OB), lesions in the CNS) were analyzed. Results: 25 percent of patients were hyposmic, exhibiting higher OB lesion volumes and smaller bulb volumes. H₂S and CO₂ latencies and the BO volume (inversely) correlated with the volume and number of MS lesions of the olfactory brain in all patients. Patients with a smaller olfactory bulb volume exhibited longer H₂S latencies (p = 0.025). Conclusion: A relationship between olfactory bulb volume, olfactory brain lesion load, and objective olfactory function testing in MS patients was investigated in all patients. Our data shows that brain damage characteristic of MS, including reduced bulb volume, causes an increase in chemosensory potential latencies and an olfactory function deficit.

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Olfactory Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis: Evidence of a Decrease in Different Aspects of Olfactory Function

Cited by 40 publications

References 39 publications

Back on the scent: the olfactory system in CNS demyelinating diseases

Back on the scent: the olfactory system in CNS demyelinating diseases

Olfactory dysfunction in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

MRI Study: Objective Olfactory Function and CNS Pathologies in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

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