Oleochemical surfactants and lubricants in the textile industry

Abstract

This paper reviews the published literature on the uses of oleochemical surfactants and lubricants in the textile industry with a dual emphasis on textile technology and effects that oleochemicals can have on that technology. Oleochemical derivatives are used in the textile industry as surfactants, emulsifiers, wetting agents, antistatic agents, softeners, antimicrobial agents, water and oil repellents, antisoil agents, lubricants, cohesive agents and dyeing assistants. The relationship between the amount of fatty acid derivatives consumed in textile operations and global fiber production is discussed. Small amounts of oleochemicals acting at interfaces are invaluable in their effects on textiles. Oleochemical surfactant chemical and physical properties of importance in textile operations are described, and the relationships between certain properties of oleochemicals and their performance on textile fibers are reviewed. The basic principles and technology of spin finishes and textile processing aids are discussed. The effects of oleochemical surfactants in dyeing and as finishing agents for textile fibers are described briefly. The conclusion presents the prognosis for the future of oleochemicals in the textile industry.

Enhanced antistatic properties of polyethylene film/polypropylene-coated non-woven fabrics by compound of hot-melt adhesive and polymer antistatic agent

“…The reasons were concluded as follows: because the molecular weight of the JL-5H antistatic agent was much smaller than that of the raw modified rosin hot-melt adhesive, the average molecular weight of the compound adhesives decreased significantly after compounding. At the same time, the antistatic agent was alkyl sulfonate, similar to lubricant [30], which resulted in the weakening of the interaction between the molecular chains of modified rosin resin, the decreasing of friction and entanglement in the compound adhesives, and the enhancement of fluidity. However, the free space between the macromolecular chains of the rosin resin was limited, so the antistatic agent could not be filled in the macromolecule of the resin without limitation.…”

Castor Oil

“…The lubricant minimized undesirable abrasion of sizes and facilitated subsequent weaving operations (102). A nontoxic lubricating cutting oil for metals at 700-1200 C is prepared from aluminum powder, graphite, potassium soap, and castor oil (103).…”

Surfactants: physicochemical interactions with biological macromolecules

“…While in food products, they contribute to the conditioning of creams, suspensions, emulsions, soluble or dispersible powders (Kralova and Sjöblom 2009 ). In mining processes, they play an important role in the flotation and leaching of metals like iron, zinc, uranium (Asselin and Ingram 2014 ; Diaz et al 2015 ); as well as in the textile industry to improve the performance of different operations and to provide particular properties to the finished products (Pacifico and Giers 1995 ; Proffitt and Patterson 1988 ). In the oil industry, they have been used to help to solve problems caused by drilling operations to the conditioning of the finished products; in fact, extracted crude oil reaches the surface in the form of a water-in-oil emulsion, which makes it essential to remove or separate the water content (Marquez et al 2019 ).…”