Oleic Acid-Based Gemini Surfactants with Carboxylic Acid Headgroups

Physicochemical Properties of Oleic Acid-Based Partially Fluorinated Gemini Surfactants

“…The characteristic features of these surfactants are summarized as follows: i two equivalent carboxylic acid headgroups are introduced to the cis double bond of oleic acid via -OCOCH 2 CH 2 -units; ii the surfactant samples must contain pairs of enantiomers 9R,10R and 9S,10S in view of the reaction mechanism; and iii the two carboxylic acid headgroups are positioned anti with respect to each other. These characteristics are the same as those for the oleic acid-based hydrogenated carboxylic acid-type gemini surfactants CC-9,9-EsHm, m 6, 8, and 10 reported in our previous paper 7 .…”

“…The cis double bond of oleic acid was modified with carboxylic acid headgroups via -OCOCH 2 CH 2 -units. This headgroup structure is the same as that of the oleic acid-based hydrogenated carboxylate-type surfactants we developed in the past 7 , and hence it is possible to compare the physicochemical data of the hydrogenated and partially fluorinated gemini surfactant systems. It has been reported that partially fluorinated gemini surfactants exhibit excellent surface activity and unique aggregation behavior in aqueous solutions 9 19 .…”

“…The products we have developed in the past include anionic phosphate-type 5 , sulfonate-type 6 , carboxylatetype 7 , and cationic quaternary ammonium-type 8 surfactants. In these papers, we reported not only the syntheses of these surfactants but also their dilute aqueous solution properties as a function of the length of the hydrocarbon chain covalently bound to the terminal carbonyl group of the oleic acid 5 8 .…”

“…In these papers, we reported not only the syntheses of these surfactants but also their dilute aqueous solution properties as a function of the length of the hydrocarbon chain covalently bound to the terminal carbonyl group of the oleic acid 5 8 . In addition, from the physicochemical standpoint, we studied the effects of molecular symmetry on the dilute aqueous solution properties using the sulfonate-type surfactants synthesized from oleic acid and petroselinic acid 6 , the characteristics of an insoluble monolayer film formed at the air/water interface using the carboxylate-type surfactants under acidic or neutral conditions 7 , and the adsorption characteristics of the cationic surfactants that occur at the silica/aqueous solution interface 8 .…”

Synthesis and surface studies of anionic gemini surfactant in the different counter-ions

“…However, there are limited numbers of articles found in the literature to describe the effect of various counter-ions on surface properties of the anionic gemini surfactant with carboxylate head group [16,17]. In the present study, we reported carboxylate anionic gemini (G16) based on EDTA dianhydride and secondary fatty amine, viz.…”