Old adult fallers display reduced flexibility of arm and trunk movements when challenged with different walking speeds

Shishov, Nataliya; Gimmon, Yoav; Rashed, Hisham; Kurz, Ilan; Riemer, Raziel; Shapiro, Amir; Debi, Ronen; Melzer, Itshak

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.12.004

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first study that examined walking performance in MS fallers and non-fallers on a motorized treadmill. Similar to findings of current study, Shishov et al (2017) reported that self-selected speed on the treadmill walking was not different between older fallers and non-fallers. Moreover, our findings are in agreement with previous research in MS patients and other clinical populations suggesting gait variability as a more sensitive marker than average gait parameters to distinguish between fallers and non-fallers (Callisaya et al, 2011;Hausdorff, 2009;Moon et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of cognitive versus motor dual-task on spatiotemporal gait parameters in healthy controls and multiple sclerosis patients with and without fall history

Mofateh

Salehi

Negahban

et al. 2017

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of cognitive versus motor dual-task on spatiotemporal gait parameters in healthy controls and multiple sclerosis patients with and without fall history

Mofateh

Salehi

Negahban

et al. 2017

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

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“…Specifically, older adults often turn more slowly and with more rigid trunk movements [ 11 ], which may affect medio-lateral stability. Older adults have also demonstrated inflexible adaptation to changes in walking speeds [ 12 , 13 ] and yet, to our knowledge, the speed-dependency of medio-lateral stability during walking turns has not yet been investigated in this population. Furthermore, previous studies have mainly investigated preplanned turns where the walking direction is known in advance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medio-lateral stability during walking turns in older adults

2018

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IntroductionMedio-lateral stability during walking turns relies on the interaction between precise weight shifts of the body and changes in base of support by regulating step width. Although older adults and clinical populations often slow down while turning in order to compensate for balance impairments, little is known about the influence of walking speed on stability during turning.ObjectiveTo compare medio-lateral stability between walking turns and straight walking and to investigate whether walking speed affects medio-lateral stability during turning in healthy older adults.MethodsNineteen older adults walked straight or walked and turned 180° to the right and left at their comfortable speed and at a slow pace. The walking direction was visually cued before they started to walk (preplanned) or while walking straight (unplanned). As a proxy for medio-lateral stability, we calculated the absolute difference between pelvis lateral displacement and the lateral edge of the base of support during straight walking and turning.ResultsOverall, irrespective of turning condition, medio-lateral stability was enhanced during turning as the pelvis was further away from the boundary of the base of support resulting in a greater margin of stability compared to straight walking. Turning at a slow pace hampered medio-lateral stability as demonstrated by pelvis lateral displacement closer to the boundaries of the base of support resulting in reduced margins of stability. The reduction in stability was caused by a narrower step width during slow walking whereas pelvis lateral displacement was unaffected by turning speed.ConclusionIn older adults, medio-lateral stability was augmented during turning compared to straight walking, whereas turning at a slow pace hampered medio-lateral stability. These findings provide insights into the postural strategies used by older adults in order to adapt to the postural challenges of turning and straight walking.

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“…In contrast to young adults with flexible trunk movements and a good response to external perturbations, older subjects displayed lesser adaptability with rigid trunk rotations ( Van Emmerik et al, 2005 ). Older individuals tended to reduce the degree of freedom of their body segments while walking to keep a dynamic balance and to prevent falls ( Shishov et al, 2017 ). Thus, developing exercises and gait training to promote trunk flexibility and response to perturbation in older adults may improve gait stability and reduce the incidence of falls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, inertial sensor-based gait analysis systems are more and more widely used to efficiently capture and analyze quantitative gait data. Prior investigations of thoracic and pelvic ranges of motion during walking were based on small sample sizes ( Chung et al, 2010 ; Stokes, Andersson & Forssberg, 1989 ; Leardini et al, 2013 ; Macpherson et al, 2016 ; Mirelman et al, 2015 ; Shishov et al, 2017 ; Staszkiewicz et al, 2012 ; Van Emmerik et al, 2005 ; Whittle & Levine, 1999 ), of which studies involving old subjects were relatively scarce ( Mirelman et al, 2015 ; Shishov et al, 2017 ; Van Emmerik et al, 2005 ). Besides, only one of these studies was conducted with inertial sensors ( Mirelman et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These changes in torso movement may be associated with risk of falls and the inability to maintain balance in older age ( Mirelman et al, 2015 ). For example, older adult fallers displayed reduced total range of motion in the transverse and frontal planes of the pelvic and thoracic regions compared to non-fallers ( Shishov et al, 2017 ). As to gender impact, no gender differences were found in the three-dimensional kinematics of the thorax and pelvis in young participants ( Leardini et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three-dimensional thoracic and pelvic kinematics and arm swing maximum velocity in older adults using inertial sensor system

Fang

Jiang

2020

PeerJ

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Understanding characteristics of torso motion and arm swing of older adults is important. A comprehensive database of three-dimensional thoracic and pelvic kinematics and arm swing maximum velocity of older adults during overground walking is still lacking. Moreover, the relationships between these variables are not fully understood. Therefore, we investigated age and gender effects of three-dimensional thoracic and pelvic ranges of motion and arm swing maximum velocity in 113 healthy old adults (aged 60–89 years) in a 2-min walk test using APDM Movement Monitoring inertial sensor system by two-way ANOVA, and post hoc Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple comparisons between age groups. A paired t-test was used to study the side preference of arm swing maximum velocity. The relationships between variables were investigated via multiple linear regression models. In general, thoracic and pelvic motions showed reduced amplitude with aging. Gait speed, pelvis coronal plane motion and arm swing maximum velocity significantly declined with age. Only the pelvic sagittal plane motion showed a gender main effect. Coronal plane motions of the thorax and pelvis were closely associated, as were sagittal plane motions. Thoracic coronal plane motion was the significant variable influencing pelvic transverse plane motion and vice versa. Gait speed, pelvic coronal and transverse plane motions and thorax sagittal plane motion were significant independent variables that influenced dominant arm maximum velocity. A larger maximum velocity was seen in the left arm. This investigation is valuable for better understanding of gait phenomena and will contribute to identification of gait dysfunction and development of rehabilitation measures.

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Old adult fallers display reduced flexibility of arm and trunk movements when challenged with different walking speeds

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of cognitive versus motor dual-task on spatiotemporal gait parameters in healthy controls and multiple sclerosis patients with and without fall history

Effects of cognitive versus motor dual-task on spatiotemporal gait parameters in healthy controls and multiple sclerosis patients with and without fall history

Medio-lateral stability during walking turns in older adults

Three-dimensional thoracic and pelvic kinematics and arm swing maximum velocity in older adults using inertial sensor system

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