Oil droplet behavior on model nanofiltration membrane surfaces under conditions of hydrodynamic shear and salinity

Tummons, Emily N.; Hejase, Charifa A.; Yang, Zhefei; Chew, Jia Wei; Bruening, Merlin L.; Tarabara, Volodymyr V.

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2019.10.012

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…This has enabled researchers to develop fate maps for the range of conditions for these fates to occur (Figure ) − and a new modeling technique (the multicontinuum approach , ). Several studies − ,− of the microfiltration and ultrafiltration of oily wastewater using the blocking laws assuming dead-end or crossflow conditions could not reach agreement about which blocking model was occurring during the early stage of filtration, and other researchers showed that blocking laws for particles cannot describe the fouling pattern in dead-end filtration . However, all agreed that at the end of filtration the fouling frequently occurs via a cake/gel formation model .…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, all agreed that at the end of filtration the fouling frequently occurs via a cake/gel formation model . Overall, there is an agreement in the literature that the blocking laws have limitations; researchers revised the blocking law equations for dead-end filtration − or combined them to explain the complicated filtration behaviors of fouling . However, all of the models cannot account for all of the mechanisms of fouling related to oily water treatment using membrane technology.…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If this is not the case and it is found that the concentration of the oil in permeate increases with time, then it may be time to think of other possible mechanisms. To highlight this effect, a CFD study is conducted on the basis of the computational setup from several previous studies. − Furthermore, an experimental setup is designed to investigate this problem and provide solid evidence of the validity of extending the previously mentioned blocking mechanisms to the filtration of oily water systems.…”

Section: Experimental and Cfd Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Computational Fluid Dynamics Investigation of the Deterioration of the Rejection Capacity of the Membranes Used in the Filtration of Oily Water Systems

2021

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Pressure-driven filtration using membrane technology holds promise for the treatment of produced water but is restricted by the problem of fouling. Fouling is the accumulation of dispersed materials at the surface of the membrane, thereby decreasing the area available for filtration and decreasing the permeation flux. While this is intuitively understandable when the dispersals are solid particles, it is less clear when the dispersals are droplets of other fluid immiscible with the continuous one. Fluids can deform, squeeze, and take the shape of the pore. This questions the proposition and practice of many researchers to extend the blocking mechanisms, originally developed for the filtration of solid emulsions, to the filtration of fluid emulsions. To explore this topic, in this work, we perform experimental and numerical studies to investigate whether the blocking laws can still apply to the filtration of fluid emulsions. The experimental setup involves the use of three types of polymeric microfiltration membranes as well as three different oils. The results obtained show that the oil content in the permeate increases with time contrary to what would be the case if the dispersals were solid particles. Furthermore, the rejection capacity of the membrane decreases with time, implying that more oil permeates as fouling develops. Again, this is contrary to the observed practices in the filtration of solid emulsions where the solid content in the permeate also decreases as fouling develops. To confirm this behavior, three scenarios were investigated numerically using the tools of computational fluid dynamics. The numerical study highlights that, when a pore opening is filled with oil, larger droplets that would otherwise not permeate experience permeation. This enforces the understanding that, as fouling develops, the pores that are filled or blanketed with oil do not restrict oil from permeation; rather, they ease its movement and decrease the selectivity of the membrane. The filtration of fluid emulsions is fundamentally different from that of solid emulsions. Fluids can deform, squeeze, and take the shape of the pores. In this case, interfacial tension forces provide the criterion that defines the selectivity of the membranes.

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Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental and Cfd Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Computational Fluid Dynamics Investigation of the Deterioration of the Rejection Capacity of the Membranes Used in the Filtration of Oily Water Systems

2021

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“…The exploration and production of petroleum, processing of hydrocarbons in refineries and petrochemical plants, and even other activities like storage, transportation, and distribution of petroleum products [2,4,5], can generate aqueous waste streams containing oil and various contaminants that require treatment/purification before release/reuse. If not suitably treated, the oily wastewater streams not only contaminates the environment and endangers water resources and human health but also decreases the reuse capability of oil and water [2,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Nanofiltration Process for Treating Wastewaters from the Petroleum Industry

Jafarinejad

Esfahani

2021

Separations

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Activities and/or processes in different segments of the petroleum industry, including upstream and downstream, generate aqueous waste streams containing oil and various contaminants that require treatment/purification before release/reuse. Nanofiltration (NF) technology has been approved as an efficient technology for treating wastewater streams from the petroleum industry. The primary critical issues in an NF treatment process can be listed as mitigation of membrane fouling; selection of appropriate pre-treatment process; and selection of a suitable, cost-effective, non-hazardous cleaning strategy. In this study, NF separation mechanisms, membrane fabrication/modification, effective factors on NF performance, and fouling are briefly reviewed. Then, a summary of recent NF treatment studies on various petroleum wastewaters and performance evaluation is presented. Finally, based on the gaps identified in the field, the conclusions and future perspectives are discussed.

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“…A mixture of two or more immiscible liquids results in the formation of emulsions [ 1 , 2 ]. The electric field effects on droplets and emulsions provide a versatile avenue for exploring the underlying fluid dynamic mechanisms and instabilities [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation of Emulsion Droplet with Clean and Particle-Covered Interface under an Electric Field

et al. 2020

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The electrohydrodynamic deformation of an emulsion droplet with a clean and particle-covered interface was explored. Here, the electrohydrodynamic deformation was numerically and experimentally demonstrated under the stimuli of moderate and strong electric fields. The numerical method involves the coupling of the Navier–Stokes equation with the level set equation of interface tracking and the governing equations of so-called leaky dielectric theory. The simulation model developed for a clean interface droplet was then extended to a capsule model for densely particle-covered droplets. The experiments were conducted using various combinations of immiscible oils and particle suspensions while the electric field strength ~105 V/m was generated using a high voltage supply. The experimental images obtained by the camera were post-processed using an in-house image processing code developed on the plat-form of MATLAB software. The results show that particle-free droplets can undergo prolate (deformation in the applied electric field direction) or oblate deformation (deformation that is perpendicular to the direction of the applied electric field) of the droplet interface, whereas the low-conductivity particles can be manipulated at the emulsion interface to form a ‘belt’, ‘helmet’ or ‘cup’ morphologies. A densely particle-covered droplet may not restore to its initial spherical shape due to ‘particle jamming’ at the interface, resulting in the formation of unique droplet shapes. Densely particle-covered droplets behave like droplets covered with a thin particle sheet, a capsule. The deformation of such droplets is explored using a simulation model under a range of electric capillary numbers (i.e., the ratio of the electric stresses to the capillary stresses acting at the droplet interface). The results obtained are then compared with the theory and experimental findings. It was shown that the proposed simulation model can serve as a tool to predict the deformation/distortion of both the particle-free and the densely particle-covered droplets within the small deformation limit. We believe that this study could provide new findings for the fabrication of complex-shaped species and colloidosomes.

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Oil droplet behavior on model nanofiltration membrane surfaces under conditions of hydrodynamic shear and salinity

Cited by 15 publications

References 56 publications

Experimental and Computational Fluid Dynamics Investigation of the Deterioration of the Rejection Capacity of the Membranes Used in the Filtration of Oily Water Systems

Experimental and Computational Fluid Dynamics Investigation of the Deterioration of the Rejection Capacity of the Membranes Used in the Filtration of Oily Water Systems

A Review on the Nanofiltration Process for Treating Wastewaters from the Petroleum Industry

Deformation of Emulsion Droplet with Clean and Particle-Covered Interface under an Electric Field

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