Off-line supercritical fluid extraction-capillary GC applications in environmental analysis

David, Frank; Verschuere, Mirana; Sandra, Patrick

doi:10.1007/bf00323747

Cited by 54 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Compared to the conventional extraction processes using solvents, in this process, we can finally remove the pollutant from the solvent by changing the pressure and temperature. Also, its extraction time is lower than the conventional method, less solvent is consumed, less waste is produced and less toxic residues are left [22,74,75]. The solvent used in this method is easily recovered and can be used in subsequent extractions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Separation from Oil-Contaminated Soil Using Supercritical and Subcritical Water

S¹,

Gitipour²,

Ardestani³

2018

Journal of Environmental Pollution and Control

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Finding an environmental-friend and an affordable method to remove contaminated soils from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is now an attractive field for researchers. PAHs are slightly soluble, thus hardly dissolve in organic compounds, and also biological and chemical degradation processes are not effective to remove them, and the process of extracting these pollutants from soil is a complex process. Super-critical fluid extraction is an innovative process in the field of contaminated soil treatment. Extraction with super-critical fluid is a simple and rapid extraction process which uses supercritical fluids as solvents. This method addresses extraction methods using supercritical and subcritical fluid. The results showed that the supercritical fluid process is very suitable to remove the pollutants such as PHCs, PAHs, PCBs, dioxins, Furans, phenols, Chlorophenols, insecticides, metals and radioactive substances. The supercritical fluid extraction using CO 2 also has the ability to effectively eliminate organic and inorganic compounds present in different contaminated soils. Moreover, this method is more economical for polluted soil treatment compared to other available methods. On the other hand, using this method that uses water is environment-friendly and has lower cost and a higher safety level. Research has also shown that pressurized hot water extraction (SWE) is a better way to extract PAHs. In this method, the extraction process can be improved by combining the SWE process with the oxidation process by adding oxidants such as air, oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, etc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Separation from Oil-Contaminated Soil Using Supercritical and Subcritical Water

S¹,

Gitipour²,

Ardestani³

2018

Journal of Environmental Pollution and Control

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“…It is a technique combining the liquid-like solvating and gas-like transport properties of supercritical fluids. Because pure carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is used as solvent, extractions are clean enough for direct reconstitution in a solvent compatible with ELISA [58–61]. For example, Johnson et al [51] studied the extraction of PCBs from oily soil using both a methanol shake extraction and a methanolic Soxhlet extraction, but found that the ELISA results disagreed with the GC confirmatory data.…”

Section: Detection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoanalysis Methods for the Detection of Dioxins and Related Chemicals

Tian

Xie

et al. 2012

Sensors

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With the development of biotechnology, approaches based on antibodies, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), active aryl hydrocarbon immunoassay (Ah-I) and other multi-analyte immunoassays, have been utilized as alternatives to the conventional techniques based on gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy for the analysis of dioxin and dioxin-like compounds in environmental and biological samples. These screening methods have been verified as rapid, simple and cost-effective. This paper provides an overview on the development and application of antibody-based approaches, such as ELISA, Ah-I, and multi-analyte immunoassays, covering the sample extraction and cleanup, antigen design, antibody preparation and immunoanalysis. However, in order to meet the requirements for on-site fast detection and relative quantification of dioxins in the environment, further optimization is needed to make these immuno-analytical methods more sensitive and easy to use.

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“…They also investigated the influence of trace metal retention of analytes on sorbent and concluded that, they affect retention and elution. David et al [22] reported that any extraction method developed on spiked samples will not necessary yield high recoveries of spiked analyte when significant analyte interaction exist and does not elute.…”

Section: The Recovery Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Solid - Phase System for the Extraction of Diazinon from Water

Nanev

Sha’Ato

Igoli

2021

JSRR

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A selected sorbent granulated activated charcoal solid - phase extraction was developed and used to extract diazinon from distilled water (TDW), distilled deionized water (DDW) and stream water (DW) was studied in the laboratory. Prior to the extraction, the half-live of the diazinon was determined in buffer solutions of pH 6, 7 and 8. The study showed that the half-lives were found to be 0.074, 0.022 and 0.077 hours respectively. Aqueous solution of diazinon was extracted in triplicate from distilled water, deionized distilled water and stream water using SPE systems. The extracted analyte was analysed by uv-visible spectrophotometer. The mean percentage recovery from distilled water, deionized distilled water and stream water using SPE 88.58%, 78.74% ad was 67.85% respectively while diazinon recovery using Liquid-liquid Extraction techniques gave a mean percent recovery of 96.60%, 93.80% and 75.54% for DW, DDW ad SW respectively. The mean percent analyte loss for SPE systems was 32.79%. The value was approximately twice higher than those obtained from LLE techniques with a value of 14.16%. The mean percentage recovery and analyte loss for SPE and LLE were compared. Similarly, the second order rate constant of diazinon of pH6, 7 and 8 were 2.6 x 10-3, 8.8 x10-3 ad 2.5 x 10-3 M-1S-1respectively. The study suggests that granulated activated charcoal can be used as an sorbent to extract diazinon from water.

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Off-line supercritical fluid extraction-capillary GC applications in environmental analysis

Cited by 54 publications

References 11 publications

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Separation from Oil-Contaminated Soil Using Supercritical and Subcritical Water

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Separation from Oil-Contaminated Soil Using Supercritical and Subcritical Water

Immunoanalysis Methods for the Detection of Dioxins and Related Chemicals

Development of a Solid - Phase System for the Extraction of Diazinon from Water

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