“…[41] Infliximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody composed of human constant regions of IgG1k with murine variable regions, which exerts anti-TNFa activities through various mechanisms including inhibition of binding of soluble TNFa to TNFa receptors, neutralization of soluble and membrane-bound TNFa, and potential dissociation of soluble TNFa-receptor complexes; and which, like etanercept, is also used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondilitis, or psoriatic arthritis, but also for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn disease or ulcerative colitis. [91,92] In a mouse model of ovalbumin-induced asthma, infliximab given both prior to allergen priming and when subsequently challenged, demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects on cellular and cytokine markers of inflammation in BAL fluid, reducing eosinophils and neutrophils and also IL-4, IL-6, and TNFa levels. [93] Clinical efficacy of infliximab was assessed in patients with milder asthma uncontrolled by inhaled corticosteroids, and improvements in asthma symptoms, reduced lung function variability, sputum levels of TNFa, IL-6, IL-8, and the exacerbation rate were reported over an 8-week period.…”