OFDM/WDM PON With Laserless, Colorless 1  Gb/s ONUs Based on Si-PIC and Slow IC

Review and comparative assessment of FDMA-PON vs. TDMA-PON for next-generation optical access networks

“…The OTONES ("Optical Access Networking using OFDM Tones") project [21]- [22] is an EU-project (under the PIANO-PLUS framework) that proposed an OFDM/WDM PON architecture with strong emphasis on the realization of the required optoelectronic components on Silicon Photonics technology. This architecture is particularly focused on long distance PON and high splitting ratio, targeting ODN loss budgets as high as 40 dB (an extremely challenging value, considering that the current specification by ITU-T requires 35 dB for its highest ODN loss classes) and long reach.…”

300 Gb/s IM/DD based SDM-WDM-PON with laserless ONUs

“…In order to further increase the capacity of a PON system, space-division multiplexing (SDM) has been introduced to utilize multiple spatial channels for data transmission through a single fiber [12][13][14][15][16][17]. On the other hand, optical network unit (ONU) remains highly cost-sensitive in the whole access network, since it directly serves end users who need to pay installation and maintenance cost [18,19], and a cost-effective ONU is of high importance in the access networks.…”

Energy-efficient orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based passive optical network based on adaptive sleep-mode control and dynamic bandwidth allocation

“…So far, many schemes have been proposed to decrease the power/energy consumption of PONs and other communication systems. Some examples are optical network unit (ONU) sleep/doze methods [6][7][8][9] and other power/energysaving methods of time-domain interleaved and selective sampling [10][11][12][13][14] for access networks and distributed dynamic clustering for long-term evolution heterogeneous networks. 15 Wong et al 6 numerically analyzed the power-saving effectiveness of a short cavity vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL)-based ONU over a distributed feedbackbased ONU employing the various modes of operation of the WDM-PON and demonstrated an energy savings of up to 84% for a sleep mode.…”