OECD Ülkelerinde Sağlık Harcamalarının Yakınsaması: Kırılmalı Fourier Birim Kök Testinden Bulgular

Kızılkaya, Fatma; Dağ, Mehmet

doi:10.19168/jyasar.880203

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Regarding the health expenditure trends in the G7, all countries have had similar levels of governmental current health expenditures over the years, and their governmental current health expenditure rates have converged in the time series examined in the study. Some studies about the European Union (EU) and OECD countries have found convergence in their health expenditures ( 4 , 29 ), while others have not found such convergence ( 25 , 30 ). A study conducted specifically on the G7 reported that there is no convergence in per capita health expenditures ( 31 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Correlation between Economic Convergence and Health Indices in Developed Countries

Mutlu,

Bozkurt,

Türkoğlu

2024

ijph

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Background: Economic convergence signifies diminishing income disparities among global or regional economies and their eventual disappearance. It is also linked to economic growth and key health indicators. We aimed to assess the association between economic convergence and key health indicators in developed countries called G7 (USA, UK, Germany, France, Italy, Japan, and Canada). Methods: We examined G7 health and economic indicators from 2000 to 2021 using panel data analysis. We compared balanced and unbalanced panel datasets to address missing data and applied suitable methods to handle missing health indicators. Results: Little's MCAR test confirmed random missing data in the unbalanced panel, enabling us to impute missing values as missing observations were below 5%. Unit root tests on balanced and unbalanced panel data validated the health convergence hypothesis, showing no unit roots in economic growth rate, current health expenditure, and female and male population indicators (P<0.05). Interestingly, the hypothesis for hospital bed counts in the unbalanced panel, differing from the balanced panel, offers new insights into addressing incomplete health data. Conclusion: While G7 have economic similarities, their health indicators diverge (excluding hospital bed counts). Variations in health indicators stem from healthcare system structures, funding mechanisms, resource allocation, and health investments, even among economies of similar size. Therefore, G7 member states should develop tailored national health policies based on their specific circumstances and priorities, utilizing economic convergence data for effective health resource planning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, post-crisis, the GDP growth rates of EM7 accelerated faster than those of the G7 ( 3 ). Health expenditures of countries with similar development levels may converge over time ( 4 ). Therefore, convergence in economic performance and living standards can lead to convergence in health expenditures ( 5 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Correlation between Economic Convergence and Health Indices in Developed Countries

Mutlu,

Bozkurt,

Türkoğlu

2024

ijph

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Doğrusal Olmayan Birim Kök Testleri Kullanılarak 21 OECD Ülkesinde Sağlık Harcamaları Yakınsamasının Test Edilmesi

Çelik

Omay

TUZLUKAYA

2022

Konuralp Tıp Dergisi

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Objective:The purpose of this study is to analyze the stochastic time series behaviour of health expenditure in the 21 OECD countries between 1975 and 2019 using a variety of state-of-the-art (cutting-edge) unit root tests. Methods: In this study, the linear ADF unit root test and eight relevant nonlinear unit root tests are used to empirically estimate whether the 21 OECD countries' health expenditure data show convergence. Results:The empirical findings are in support the stationarity of health expenditure in 20 of the 21 OECD countries. Conclusions: Health convergence hypothesis is confirmed in most OECD countries, indicating that health expenditure shocks have solely temporary effects on country-level health expenditure. The empirical study provides significant policy implications. The empirical part of the study indicated that policy measures chosen by the policymakers cannot be made without considering possible nonlinearities in health expenditure data. More investment in the policy proposals stated in the conclusion section in the low regime years, as well as the continuation of current ones in the high regime periods, have been determined to offer appropriate conditions for health spending convergence. Furthermore, it has been determined that structural changes outside of the regime have resulted in a change in health expenditure convergence in countries such as Japan and South Korea. It is essential to invest in these countries while taking into account the periods of structural change.

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Convergence of economic growth and health expenditures in OECD countries: Evidence from non-linear unit root tests

Çelik

Omay

Tengilimoğlu

2023

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionThe relationship between human capital, health spending, and economic growth is frequently neglected in the literature. However, one of the main determinants of human capital is health expenditures, where human capital is one of the driving forces of growth. Consequently, health expenditures affect growth through this link.MethodsIn the study, these findings have been attempted to be empirically tested. Along this axis, health expenditure per qualified worker was chosen as an indicator of health expenditure, and output per qualified worker was chosen as an indicator of economic growth. The variables were treated with the convergence hypothesis. Due to the non-linear nature of the variables, the convergence hypothesis was carried out with non-linear unit root tests.ResultsThe analysis of 22 OECD countries from 1976 to 2020 showed that health expenditure converged for all countries, and there was a significant degree of growth convergence (except for two countries). These findings show that health expenditure convergence has significantly contributed to growth convergence.DiscussionPolicymakers should consider the inclusiveness and effectiveness of health policies while making their economic policies, as health expenditure convergence can significantly impact growth convergence. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind this relationship and identify specific health policies most effective in promoting economic growth.

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OECD Ülkelerinde Sağlık Harcamalarının Yakınsaması: Kırılmalı Fourier Birim Kök Testinden Bulgular

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

The Correlation between Economic Convergence and Health Indices in Developed Countries

The Correlation between Economic Convergence and Health Indices in Developed Countries

Doğrusal Olmayan Birim Kök Testleri Kullanılarak 21 OECD Ülkesinde Sağlık Harcamaları Yakınsamasının Test Edilmesi

Convergence of economic growth and health expenditures in OECD countries: Evidence from non-linear unit root tests

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