Odor and Odorous Chemical Emissions from Animal Buildings: Part 1. Project Overview, Collection Methods, and Quality Control

Bereznicki, Sarah D.; Heber, Albert J.; Akdeniz, Neslihan; Jacobson, Larry D.; Hetchler, Brian P.; Heathcote, Katherine Y.; Hoff, Steven J.; Kozieł, Jacek A.; Cai, Ling; Zhang, Shicheng; Parker, David B.; Caraway, Edward A.; Lim, Teng Teeh; Cortus, Erin L.; Jacko, Robert B.

doi:10.13031/2013.42497

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Extensive measurements of odorous gas and PM emissions have been conducted to account for a wide range of site-specific conditions such as the animal species, facility size and type, manure management, climate, ventilation schemes, and others [9][10][11][12][13][14]. It is well known that manure management can have a significant impact on gaseous emissions [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Semi-Continuous Pit Manure Recharge System Performance on Mitigation of Ammonia and Hydrogen Sulfide Emissions from a Swine Finishing Barn

Lee

Kim

et al. 2019

Atmosphere

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In this research, for the first time, we present the evaluation of a semi-continuous pit manure recharge system on the mitigation of ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emissions from a swine finisher barn. The pit recharge system is practiced on many swine farms in the Republic of Korea, primarily for improving air quality in the barn. It consists of an integrated waste management system where the fraction of stored manure is pumped out (10× of the daily production of manure, 3× a day); solids are separated and composted, while the aerobically treated liquid fraction is then returned to the pit. We compared emissions from two 240-pig rooms, one equipped with a pit recharge system, and the other operating a conventional slurry pit under the slatted floor. Mean reduction of NH3 and H2S emissions were 49 ± 6% and 82 ± 7%, respectively, over 14 days of measurements. The removal efficiency of H2S was higher than NH3, likely because the pH of aerobically treated liquid manure remained slightly above 8. More work is warranted to assess the N balance in this system and the emissions of odor and greenhouse gasses (GHGs). It is also expected that it will be possible to control the NH3 and H2S removal rates by controlling the nitrification level of the liquid manure in the aerobic treatment system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Semi-Continuous Pit Manure Recharge System Performance on Mitigation of Ammonia and Hydrogen Sulfide Emissions from a Swine Finishing Barn

Lee

Kim

et al. 2019

Atmosphere

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“…The selection of target odorants was based on the reported chemical emissions from typical swine barns [37]. A special setup for generating a dynamic (moving) gas mixture was designed, assembled, and tested, using the procedure described by Koziel et al [38] and by Akdeniz et al [39]. The rationale for moving air was to simulate the conditions of a typical livestock barn.…”

Section: Standard Gas Generation and Uv Treatment Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Livestock Odors Using Black Light and a New Titanium Dioxide-Based Catalyst: Proof-of-Concept

2017

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Concentrated livestock feeding operations have become a source of odorous gas emissions that impact air quality. Comprehensive and practical technologies are needed for a sustainable mitigation of the emissions. In this study, we advance the concept of using a catalyst for barn walls and ceilings for odor mitigation. Two catalysts, a new TiO 2 -based catalyst, PureTi Clean, and a conventional Evonik (formerly Degussa, Evonik Industries, Essen, Germany) P25 (average particle size 25 nm) catalyst, were studied for use in reducing simulated odorous volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions on a laboratory scale. The UV source was black light. Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), diethyl disulfide (DEDS), dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), butyric acid, p-cresol, and guaiacol were selected as model odorants. The effects of the environmental parameters, the presence of swine dust covering the catalyst, the catalyst type and layer density, and the treatment time were tested. The performance of the PureTi catalyst at 10 µg/cm 2 was comparable to that of P25 at 250 µg/cm 2 . The odorant reduction ranged from 100.0 ± 0.0% to 40.4 ± 24.8% at a treatment time of 200 s, simulating wintertime barn ventilation. At a treatment time of 40 s (simulating summertime barn ventilation), the reductions were lower (from 27.4 ± 8.3% to 62.2 ± 7.5%). The swine dust layer on the catalyst surface blocked 15.06 ± 5.30% of UV 365 and did not have a significant impact (p > 0.23) on the catalyst performance. Significant effects of relative humidity and temperature were observed.

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“…Specific criteria used for VOC sampling included: exhaust fan was always on (not cycling on/off), composite groups would be more representative of a specific location (e.g., pit fan group), and judicious use of limited resources. Detailed descriptions of each farm are presented by Bereznicki et al (2012), including barn and management characteristics, site layout and sampling port locations, and characteristics of the three sampling regimes. All samples were collected between 7:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. local daylight time, (eastern daylight time for IN5B and IN3B, and central daylight time for WI5B and IA4B) .…”

Section: Site Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Odor and Odorous Chemical Emissions from Animal Buildings: Part 3. Chemical Emissions

et al. 2015

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The objective of this study was to measure the long-term odor emissions and corresponding concentrations and emissions of 20 odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study was an add-on study to the National Air Emission Monitoring Study (NAEMS). Odor and odorous gas measurements at four NAEMS sites, including dairy barns in Wisconsin (WI5B) and Indiana (IN5B), a swine finisher barn in Indiana (IN3B), and swine gestation and farrowing barns in Iowa (IA4B), were conducted from November 2007 to May 2009. The odorous gas samples were collected every two weeks using sorbent tubes (samples were collected twice each season of the year, with the exception of spring 2009 when samples were collected three times) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (GC-MS-O). In this article, we summarize the measured gas concentrations and emissions of the 20 target VOCs from each of the four sites. The average total odorous VOC concentrations for the entire sampling period were 276, 96.9, 1413 and 394 Î¼g dsm -3 for WI5B, IN5B, IN3B, and IA4B, respectively. For the swine sites, the highest seasonal average total odorous VOC concentrations for each barn were observed during spring (1890 Î¼g dsm -3 for IN3B and 458 Î¼g dsm -3 for IA4B). For the dairy sites, the highest seasonal average total odorous VOC concentrations were observed in winter at WI5B (446 Î¼g dsm -3 ) and in summer at IN5B (129 Î¼g dsm -3 ). The average total emission rates for the 20 odorous VOCs were 290 mg h -1 AU -1 (WI5B), 36.0 mg h -1 AU -1 (IN5B), 743 mg h -1 AU -1 (IN3B), 33.9 mg h -1 AU -1 (IA4B swine gestation barns), and 91.7 mg h -1 AU -1 (IA4B swine farrowing room). The average seasonal total odorous VOC emission rates were highest during summer at WI5B (805 mg h -1 AU -1 ), IN5B (121 mg h -1 AU -1 ), and IN3B (1250 mg h -1 AU -1 ) and during spring at IA4B (95.8 mg h -1 AU -1 ). The emissions of specific VOCs varied between seasons, sites, and species. To date, this is the most comprehensive VOC measurement survey of odorous compound emission rates from commercial livestock buildings. KeywordsAnimal feeding operations, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Volatile organic compounds

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Odor and Odorous Chemical Emissions from Animal Buildings: Part 1. Project Overview, Collection Methods, and Quality Control

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Evaluation of Semi-Continuous Pit Manure Recharge System Performance on Mitigation of Ammonia and Hydrogen Sulfide Emissions from a Swine Finishing Barn

Evaluation of Semi-Continuous Pit Manure Recharge System Performance on Mitigation of Ammonia and Hydrogen Sulfide Emissions from a Swine Finishing Barn

Mitigation of Livestock Odors Using Black Light and a New Titanium Dioxide-Based Catalyst: Proof-of-Concept

Odor and Odorous Chemical Emissions from Animal Buildings: Part 3. Chemical Emissions

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