Ocular morbidity prevalence among school children in Shimla, Himachal, North India

Gupta, Madhu; Gupta, B P; Chauhan, Anil; Parashar, Anupam

doi:10.4103/0301-4738.45503

Cited by 89 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…In a similar study done by Nepal et al in 2003 in Kathmandu valley 6 , 11% of the school children had ocular morbidity whereas 31.6% of school children had ocular problems in another study done in Himanchal Pradesh, North India by Gupta et al 7 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Ocular morbidity in school children in eastern region of Nepal

Dhungana

2017

J. Kathmandu Med. Coll.

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Background: Childhood blindness is a priority area because of the number of years of blindness that ensues. Data on the prevalence and causes of blindness and severe visual impairment in children are needed for planning and evaluating preventive and curative services for children. Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of ocular morbidity among school children in eastern Nepal. Method: A cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate ocular status of primary school children in six government schools of the eastern region of Nepal. A complete eye examination was carried out in all children including slit lamp examination, fundus examination, retinoscopy and subjective refraction. Data was analyzed using Microsoft excel. The screening is based on the Indiana school vision screening guideline. Results: A total of 847 children were examined in visits. The mean age of study population was 10.25 years. Among them 450 were males and 397 were females. The results showed that 12.05% of the total students had ocular and visual morbidities. Refractive error was found to be the commonest abnormality (62%) in school children. The commonest type of refractive error found in the study was myopia followed by hyperopia. Alternate divergent squint is the commonest type of strabismus. Other abnormalities found were BSV (binocular single vision) abnormalities, amblyopia and conjunctival disorder. Conclusion:The vision screening program has proved to be very helpful in early detection, diagnosis, referral and management of ocular morbidities in school children. The results of the study strongly suggest that screening of school children for ocular problems should be done at regular intervals and it should be one of the prime components of school health program.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Ocular morbidity in school children in eastern region of Nepal

Dhungana

2017

J. Kathmandu Med. Coll.

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“…It was concluded that the high prevalence of ocular blindness among primary and high school children was observed in school children and refractive errors are the most common ocular disorders. Finally, the aim of all programs for controlling the blindness should be to publicizethe public awareness about eye care and to teach the essentials of eye healthcare (61).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractive Errors in School-age Children in Qazvin, Iran

Khalaj¹,

Amiri²,

Zeidi³

et al. 2014

Biotech Health Sci

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Background:Refractive error remains one of the primary causes of visual impairment among school children all over the world, and its prevalence varies widely. Objectives: The present study was aimed to determine the prevalence of refractive errors in school children aged 7 to 18 years in Qazvin, Iran. Patients and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 11821 students (aged 7 to 18 years) were recruited from different schools. Emmetropia was defined as refractive status between +0.25 and -0.25 D sphere. A -0.50 D or greater spherical considered as myopia, -6.00 D or more as high myopia, and +0.50 D or more as hyperopia, and a cylinder refraction greater than 0.75 D was defined as astigmatism. Visual acuity and refraction of all students were tested. Anterior and posterior segment examination and ocular motility evaluation were also performed to rule out the pathological causes of visual impairments. Results:The study was performed on 5641 (47.72%) male and 6180 (52.28%) female students. The prevalence of myopia (from 32.96% at the age of 7 to 79.02% at the age of 18 years) significantly increased (P < 0.001), and hyperopia significantly decreased (from 47.07% in 7-year-old individuals to 8.32% in 18-year-old subjects) with age (P < 0.001). There were significant differences in refractive errors between males and females. Hyperopia and myopia was more common among female in comparison to males (P < 0.001). Astigmatism greater than 0.75 D in one or both eyes was found in 990 children (8.37%). Astigmatism increased from 6.04% in 7-year-old students to 9.86% in 15-year-oldstudents e and then no more difference was found in age group ranged from 15 to 18 years. Conclusions: Based on our study, the prevalence of myopia is more than other types of refractive error, which is similar to that reported in previous studies on other school-age populations in some Asian countries. The high prevalence of refractive error among school-age children indicated that untreated refractive error is one of the most common public health problems.

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“…The prevalence of refractive errors was lower in the present study in comparison with previous s tudies. Prevalence of refractive errors ranged from 8% in the studies conducted by ER Abah et al 9 and Naik R4 et al to 31.6% in the study conducted by Gupta et al 5 in Shimla, India. Higher prevalence in the study conducted in Shimla might be due to lifestyle changes in the urban population of shimla in comparison to the rural population in the other studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among Indian studies, the prevalence rates ranged from 15 to 58%. Naik R, et al, 4 in a study conducted Ahmednagar, India noted a prevalence of 9.66%, while Gupta et al, 5 found a higher prevalence of 31.6% in Shimla, India. Higher prevalence of ocular morbidity has been reported from north-indian states like Haryana (58.8% in 4-18 years) and Rajasthan (71.7% in 4-16 years) and also from Hyderabad in South India (43.5% in 3-16 years).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%