Ocular Manifestations in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Ribeiro, Isabel; Vale, P.J.; Tenedório, Paula; Rodrigues, Pedro; Bilhoto, Miguel; Pereira, H C

doi:10.1177/112067210701700114

Cited by 42 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…A recent Portuguese study of 32 children with FAS and 25 controls reported retinal vessel tortuosity in 30% and optic nerve hypoplasia in 25% of the children with FAS, lower rates than reported from Sweden. 11 This group also noted that their patients had better visual acuity (82.7% with normal acuity vs 35% in the Swedish study), and that the malformations were notably less severe than those seen in the Swedish study. 13 The authors suggested that referral/selection bias, drinking patterns, and genetic factors may play significant roles in the varying rates and severity of abnormalities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] These disorders may include external eye malformations, intraocular abnormalities, and impaired visual acuity. 3,4,19 Previous investigations had limitations, including studying only children with FAS who were referred for ophthalmologic evaluation because of known or suspected problems, providing little or no information on the extent of in utero alcohol exposure, performing limited evaluations of visual function, and examining only a small number of subjects.…”

Section: Conclusion Previous Research Has Found That Children With Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eye Malformations in Children with Heavy Alcohol Exposure in Utero

Flanigan

Aros

Bueno

et al. 2008

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Conclusion Previous Research Has Found That Children With Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Malformations in Children with Heavy Alcohol Exposure in Utero

Flanigan

Aros

Bueno

et al. 2008

The Journal of Pediatrics

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“…Our study confirmed the findings of previous studies with FAS children, which found that these patients have smaller optic discs than normal individuals of the same age. 7,8,10,11,17,18 Unlike the other FAS studies, our sample consists of a group of young adults with similar ages (16 -26 years), which increases the strength of our results, since we potentially reduced the more pronounced optic disc morphometric variation that occurs in childhood with aging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…External ocular signs include short horizontal palpebral fissure, epicanthus, hypertelorism, blepharoptosis, telecanthus, strabismus and nystagmus. [7][8][9][10] Intraocular signs most commonly include optic disc hypoplasia, tortuosity of retina vessels, microphthalmus and impaired vision and also cataract, other anterior segment abnormalities, and coloboma. [7][8][9][10] Alcohol-induced optic disc hypoplasia is a common feature in FAS, which is estimated to occur in up to 48% of FAS children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7][8][9][10] Intraocular signs most commonly include optic disc hypoplasia, tortuosity of retina vessels, microphthalmus and impaired vision and also cataract, other anterior segment abnormalities, and coloboma. [7][8][9][10] Alcohol-induced optic disc hypoplasia is a common feature in FAS, which is estimated to occur in up to 48% of FAS children. 9 It is characterized by a decreased number of optic nerve axons with morphologic signs that can vary from subtle pallor, irregular margins and abnormal vasculature to evident small size with the presence of the classic doublering sign.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pattern of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Loss in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: A Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis

et al. 2016

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RESUMOIntrodução: A hipoplasia do disco ótico é característica comum na síndrome fetal-alcoólica. Assim, propusemo-nos a avaliar as alterações morfológicas do disco ótico e a espessura da camada de fibras nervosas retinianas peripapilares, nunca antes estudada nestes doentes. Material e Métodos: Realizamos tomografia de coerência óptica de domínio espectral num grupo de 11 doentes (22 olhos) com síndrome fetal-alcoólica e num grupo controlo ajustado à idade. Avaliamos alguns parâmetros morfológicos do disco ótico (área e diâmetro do disco ótico, área do anel neurorretiniano, razão escavação/disco horizontal e vertical) e a espessura da camada de fibras nervosas retiniana peripapilares. Resultados: Os valores médios da área do disco ótico, anel neurorretiniano e diâmetro do disco ótico foram, respetivamente, no grupo de doentes e no grupo controlo: 1,540 ± 0,268 e 1,748 ± 0,326 mm 2 ; 1,205 ± 0,286 e 1,461 ± 0,314 mm 2 ; 1,417 ± 0,124 e 1,501 ± 0,148 mm (p < 0,05). Não encontramos diferenças significativas entre as razões escavação/disco. A espessura média da camada de fibras nervosas foi significativamente menor nos pacientes (90,500 ± 9,344 µm) relativamente aos controlos (111,000 ± 7,855 µm) (p < 0,0001). Verificamos uma diminuição significativa nos quadrantes superior, inferior e nasal (p < 0,005). O quadrante temporal não revelou diferenças significativas. Discussão: As áreas do disco ótico e anel neurorretiniano e o diâmetro do disco ótico foram significativamente menores nos pacientes com síndrome fetal-alcoólica. Embora a espessura média da camada de fibras nervosas peripapilares se tenha revelado diminuída, o quadrante temporal parece estar poupado. Conclusão: Para além de uma área/ diâmetro do disco ótico e área do anel neurorretiniano menores, descobrimos um padrão heterogéneo de perda da camada de fibras nervosas retinianas peripapilares em pacientes com síndrome fetal-alcoólica, sem atingimento do quadrante temporal. A tomografia de coerência óptica poderá ser útil no estabelecimento do diagnóstico da síndrome fetal-alcoólica. Optic disc hypoplasia is a common feature in fetal alcohol syndrome. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the optic disc morphology changes and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in these patients. Material and Methods:We performed spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in a cohort of 11 patients (22 eyes) with fetal alcohol syndrome and in an age-matched control group. We evaluated optic nerve head parameters (optic disc area and diameter, rim area, cup/disc horizontal and vertical ratios) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. Results: Mean optic disc area, rim area and optic disc diameter were, respectively, in fetal alcohol syndrome patients and control subjects: 1.540 ± 0.268 and 1.748 ± 0.326 mm 2 ; 1.205 ± 0.286 and 1.461 ± 0.314 mm 2 ; 1.417 ± 0.124 and 1.501 ± 0.148 mm (p < 0.05). We found no significant differences between groups for cup/disc ratios. Mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was significantly lower in fetal alcohol syndro...

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Incidence and Associated Endocrine and Neurologic Abnormalities of Optic Nerve Hypoplasia

2013

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ptic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) is one of the leading causes of childhood blindness and visual impairment in the United States. 1 It is a nonprogressive congenital disease characterized histologically by a subnormal number of optic nerve axons in the optic nerve tracts resulting in small, pale optic discs. 2 Optic nerve hypoplasia often occurs in association with a number of clinically important endocrine and central nervous system abnormalities as part of a spectrum of diseases known as septo-optic dysplasia, a congenital syndrome involving developmental abnormalities of the optic nerves, midline brain structures, and cerebral hemispheres. 3,4 Developmental delays are a common occurrence in children with ONH as well and encompass a wide spectrum from mild communication delays to profound motor and global delays. 5 Optic nerve hypoplasia has been an increasingly recognized cause of congenital blindness in children during the past 30 years. In 1981, Acers 3 estimated the incidence of ONH to be 2 per 100 000 residents. More recently, the incidence of ONH in Sweden has been estimated at 6.3 per 100 000, 6 and inci-IMPORTANCE Optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) is an increasingly recognized cause of congenital blindness in children; however, there is significant discord regarding its incidence and the rate of associated conditions.OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of ONH and the rate of associated endocrine, neurologic, and developmental abnormalities among a population-based cohort of pediatric patients.DESIGN Retrospective, population-based study.SETTING Olmsted County, Minnesota (95.7% white in 1990).

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Ocular Manifestations in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Cited by 42 publications

References 8 publications

Eye Malformations in Children with Heavy Alcohol Exposure in Utero

Eye Malformations in Children with Heavy Alcohol Exposure in Utero

Pattern of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Loss in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: A Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis

Incidence and Associated Endocrine and Neurologic Abnormalities of Optic Nerve Hypoplasia

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