Oceanographic observations in the Nordic Sea and Fram Strait in 2016 under the IO PAN long-term monitoring program AREX

Walczowski, Waldemar; Beszczynska-Möller, Agnieszka; Wieczorek, Piotr; Merchel, Małgorzata; Grynczel, Agata

doi:10.1016/j.oceano.2016.12.003

Cited by 51 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The spatial extent of AW was distinctly wider, as shown by temperature and salinity distributions. The higher proportion of AW over the West Spitsbergen Shelf in 2014 was confirmed by the temperature and salinity time series in the top 200 m water layer (Walczowski et al, 2017). This large volume of AW influenced CDOM absorption, which was lowered to half of the values (average a CDOM (350) = 0.15 ± 0.06 m −1 ) compared to 2013.…”

Section: Classification Of Water Massesmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…We link these changes with intensity of AW transport to the West Spitsbergen Shelf presented as spatially and vertically aver-age salinity and temperature time series (Walczowski et al, 2017). According to this study the average temperature north of 74 • N was higher in 2009 than in 2010 and corresponded to lower a CDOM (350) in 2009 relative to 2010 .…”

Section: Variability In and Spectral Properties Of Cdom In The Nordicmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The relationship was stronger in 2014 (R 2 = 0.75, p < 0.0001, n = 17 700; blue line in Fig. 5a), when broader influence of AW was observed (Walczowski et al, 2017), than in 2015 (R 2 = 0.45, p < 0.0001, n = 7290; red line in Fig. 5a).…”

Section: Relationship Between Chlorophyll a And Protein-like Fdommentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Recent studies have reported intensification of AW inflow into the Arctic Ocean (Walczowski, 2014;Polyakov et al, 2017;Walczowski et al, 2017), further highlighting the importance of the European sector of the Arctic Ocean to better understand the complex interactions between inflowing AW and PSW. Optically these waters are contrasting, especially with respect to CDOM (Granskog et al, 2012;Pavlov et al, 2015; and FDOM (Jørgensen et al, 2014;Gonçalves-Araujo et al, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of chromophoric and fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the Nordic Seas

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Optical properties of chromophoric (CDOM) and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) were characterized in the Nordic Seas including the West Spitsbergen Shelf during June-July 2013, 2014, and 2015. The CDOM absorption coefficient at 350 nm, a CDOM (350) showed significant interannual variation (T test, p < 0.00001). In 2013, the highest average a CDOM (350) values (a CDOM (350) = 0.30 ± 0.12 m −1 ) were observed due to the influence of cold and low-salinity water from the Sørkapp Current (SC) in the southern part of the West Spitsbergen Shelf. In 2014, a CDOM (350) values were significantly lower (T test, p < 0.00001) than in 2013 (average a CDOM (350) = 0.14 ± 0.06 m −1 ), which was associated with the dominance of warm and saline Atlantic Water (AW) in the region, while in 2015 intermediate CDOM absorption (average a CDOM (350) = 0.19 ± 0.05 m −1 ) was observed. In situ measurements of three FDOM components revealed that fluorescence intensity of protein-like FDOM dominated in the surface layer of the Nordic Seas. Concentrations of marine and terrestrial humic-like DOM were very low and distribution of those components was generally vertically homogenous in the upper ocean (0-100 m). Fluorescence of terrestrial and marine humic-like DOM decreased in surface waters (0-15 m) near the sea ice edge due to dilution of oceanic waters by sea ice meltwater. The vertical distribution of protein-like FDOM was characterized by a prominent subsurface maximum that matched the subsurface chlorophyll a maximum and was observed across the study area. The highest protein-like FDOM fluorescence was observed in the Norwegian Sea in the core of warm AW. There was a significant relationship between the proteinlike fluorescence and chlorophyll a fluorescence (R 2 = 0.65, p < 0.0001, n = 24 490), which suggests that phytoplankton was the primary source of protein-like DOM in the Nordic Seas and West Spitsbergen Shelf waters. Observed variability in selected spectral indices (spectral slope coefficient, S 300-600 , carbon-specific CDOM absorption coefficient at 254 and 350 nm, SUVA 254 , a * CDOM (350)) and the nonlinear relationship between CDOM absorption and the spectral slope coefficient also indicate a dominant marine (autochthonous) source of CDOM and FDOM in the study area. Further, our data suggest that a CDOM (350) cannot be used to predict dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the study region; however the slope coefficient (S 300-600 ) shows some promise in being used.

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Section: Classification Of Water Massesmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Variability In and Spectral Properties Of Cdom In The Nordicmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Relationship Between Chlorophyll a And Protein-like Fdommentioning

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of chromophoric and fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the Nordic Seas

et al. 2018

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“…The temperature and volume of Atlantic-origin waters flowing into the Arctic have increased in recent years, causing shifts in hydrographical fronts and water masses (Blindheim et al 2000;Schauer et al 2004;Walczowski & Piechura 2007;Walczowski et al 2012Walczowski et al , 2017. The large frontal system situated along the WSS (Sakshaug et al 2009) is formed by two currents separated by a density gradient between the warm Atlantic Water of the West Spitsbergen Current and the cold Arctic water of the coastal Sørkapp Current (Saloranta & Svendsen 2001;Nilsen et al 2008;Kwasniewski et al 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

Large versus small zooplankton in relation to temperature in the Arctic shelf region

et al. 2018

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Atlantification alters the reproduction of jellyfish Aglantha digitale in the European Arctic

Mańko

Merchel

Kwaśniewski

et al. 2022

Limnology & Oceanography

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Increasing heat content, salinity, and velocity of the Atlantic water masses passing northward through the Fram Strait accelerate the transition of the European Arctic toward more Atlantic state, a process referred to as Atlantification. A pronounced environmental shift leads to a poleward expansion of boreal species ranges and alters seasonal rhythms of local taxa, potentially affecting the whole food web structure. Here, we monitored a pelagic cnidarian, Aglantha digitale, commonly associated with boreal waters, throughout 12 consecutive summers (2003–2014) and along 2 branches of the West Spitsbergen Current, the main conveyor of Atlantic water to the Arctic. We documented a steady decrease in A. digitale abundance in the epipelagic waters of the European Arctic and a disproportionately larger northward advection of this jellyfish with the eastern branch of the West Spitsbergen Current compared to the western branch. Supported with modeling techniques, we found that year after year, A. digitale reproduced earlier in the southern region, thus leading to an earlier descent of the larger, more mature specimens, toward deeper waters, where they avoided our epipelagic sampling. Moreover, the prevalence of smaller jellyfish during years with record‐level water temperature and salinity (2005–2007) in the southern region of the Fram Strait indicated that a 2nd reproductive cycle may have occurred. We also showed that the northern population of A. digitale, or at least part of it, originates in the south and is advected northward with the West Spitsbergen Current. In addition, our work highlights the need to include jellyfish in zooplankton monitoring.

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Oceanographic observations in the Nordic Sea and Fram Strait in 2016 under the IO PAN long-term monitoring program AREX

Cited by 51 publications

References 14 publications

Characteristics of chromophoric and fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the Nordic Seas

Characteristics of chromophoric and fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the Nordic Seas

Large versus small zooplankton in relation to temperature in the Arctic shelf region

Atlantification alters the reproduction of jellyfish Aglantha digitale in the European Arctic

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