Occurrences of Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) Potentially Associated with Leishmaniasis Transmission in Urban Parks in the City of São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract

A study of the phlebotomine sand flies was carried out between October 2011 and June 2013 in municipal parks in the city of São Paulo. A total of 173 specimens of 5 species were collected (Psychodopygus lloydi, Pintomyia fischeri, Lutzomyia amarali, Nyssomyia whitmani, and Migonemyia migonei). Three of these species may be involved in the transmission of the causative agent of tegumentary leishmaniasis. Surveillance and monitoring phlebotomine species from these areas are crucial as measure of prevention and control of leishmaniasis. KEY WORDS Leishmaniasis, phlebotomines, São Paulo, urban parks Phlebotomines are vectors of protozoa in the genus Leishmania, the causative agents of leishmaniasis. Although infection in humans is mainly associated with rural areas, this has been changing and cases have been recorded in urban areas. Visceral leishmaniasis, for example, has been reported in large cities of Brazil, such as Campo Grande (MS), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), and Campinas (SP) (Lainson and Shaw 2005). The spread of leishmaniasis can be attributed particularly to environmental changes, such as climate change, the introduction of the protozoan into new areas, whether because of migration or tourism to endemic areas, and the adaptation of phlebotomine species to urban areas, especially because of the presence of forest fragments or green enclaves in built-up areas. However, few studies on phlebotomine fauna in the municipality of São Paulo have been published recently (Moschin et al. 2013, Castelo et al. 2015). The present study reports the results of phlebotomine collections carried out monthly between

Alterações cutâneas secundárias à infecção por leishmania sp.: revisão de literatura

“…longipalpis, têm sido cada vez mais descritos e pesquisados novos flebótomos envolvidos com o ciclo da leishmania em inúmeras regiões do país. É o caso de Psychodopygus lloydi, Pintomyia fischeri, Lutzomyia amarali, Nyssomyia whitmani e Migonemyia migonei (DE CARVALHO, 2010;GALVIS-OVALLOS, 2017;LAVITSCHKA et al, 2018).…”