Occurrence of Selected Foodborne Pathogens on Poultry and Poultry Giblets from Small Retail Processing Operations in Trinidad

Abstract

We conducted a study to determine quantitatively and qualitatively the presence of Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli, staphylococci, total coliforms, total aerobic bacteria, and Salmonella on broiler carcasses from selected small retail processors in Trinidad. We used standard media and procedures for detection and quantification. All carcass and weep samples were positive for aerobic bacteria, E. coli, total coliforms, and staphylococci. Significant differences in the mean counts of aerobic bacteria were observed for samples of carcass (P = 0.001), weep (P = 0.038), and liver and heart (P = 0.017). There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the prevalence of E. coli and Campylobacter for liver and heart samples and gizzard samples across various areas (health divisions) in Trinidad and for Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli for offal samples. The prevalence of Salmonella in carcass, drip, gizzard, and liver and heart samples was 7.3, 3.1, 2.1, and 1.0%, respectively, and three serotypes, Salmonella Kiambu (53.8%), Salmonella Kentucky (38.5%), and Salmonella Mbandaka (7.7%) were isolated. Of the six groups of microbes considered with respect to sale activity, the differences in the prevalence of Campylobacter in medium-activity sale shops (95.8%) and low-activity sale shops (83.3%) and the mean counts of staphylococci for medium-activity sale shops (5.5 +/- 0.9) and low-activity sale shops (5.1 +/- 0.8) were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Carcasses rinsed in a stagnant system had a significantly higher (P < 0.05) prevalence (92.3%) and mean count per milliliter (3.1 +/- 0.7) for Campylobacter compared with 77.8% and 2.7 +/- 0.7 for shops that rinsed with constantly running water. The frequency of rinse water change significantly (P = 0.04) affected the prevalence of Salmonella on carcasses. It is recommended that a quality control system be introduced for these shops, particularly with respect to evisceration and rinsing practices.

Microbiological Quality of Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) and Tilapia (Tilapia Mossambica) Obtained from Wet Markets and Ponds in Malaysia

“…There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between temperature of water ponds in Pond A1, A2, B1, and B2. This present study also observed study reported that chicken [25] and eggs [26] were potential agents for coliform. Thus, chicken offals and spoiled eggs introduced to the aquaculture system will increase coliform and reduce the hygiene level in the ponds.…”

REDUCTIONS OF ESCHERICHIA COLI, COLIFORMS, AEROBIC PLATE COUNTS AND CAMPYLOBACTER JEJUNI BY A SMALL‐SCALE, HIGH‐PRESSURE SYSTEM DEVISED TO CLEAN A MINIATURIZED POULTRY GIBLETS TRANSPORT SYSTEM

“…The values of APC found in the product appear to be high in comparison with the other bacterial groups (Jay 2002); yet, there is a limited knowledge of the average APC for giblets products due to the lack of regular microbial testing of this product. Our results fall in the range of APC and E. coli counts found by Rodrigo et al. (2006) from naturally contaminated chicken livers from Trinidad.…”

“…For instance, Salmonella serotype Enteritidis has been associated with human disease by the consumption of improperly cooked poultry giblets (Anon 1984; Plummer et al. 1995; Rodrigo et al. 2006).…”

Examination of the Source and Extended Virulence Genotypes ofEscherichia coliContaminating Retail Poultry Meat

“…Unfortunately, it also may serve as a vehicle of foodborne pathogens, such as Campylobacter and Salmonella (Dufrenne et al, 2001;Zhao et al, 2001;Dominguez et al, 2002;Wilson 2002;Burgess et al, 2005;Meldrum et al, 2005Meldrum et al, , 2006Rodrigo et al, 2006;Meldrum and Wilson, 2007;Trajkovic-Pavlovic et al, 2007;Vindigni et al, 2007). Similarly, we and others have hypothesized that retail poultry may be a foodborne reservoir of ExPEC causing such conditions as UTIs, meningitis, and sepsis of human beings ( Johnson et al, , 2007aRodriguez-Siek et al, 2005a;Manges et al, 2007).…”