Examination of the Source and Extended Virulence Genotypes of<i>Escherichia coli</i>Contaminating Retail Poultry Meat

Johnson, Timothy J.; Logue, Catherine M.; Wannemuehler, Yvonne; Kariyawasam, Subhashinie; Doetkott, Curt; DebRoy, Chitrita; White, David G.; Nolan, Lisa K.

doi:10.1089/fpd.2009.0266

Cited by 71 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…Similarly, 99 E. coli isolated from children with acute diarrhea were assigned to group A (59 strains), B1 (12 strains), B2 (9 strains) and D (19 strains). A similar result was reported in E. coli isolated from poultry and meat products in Minnesota and Wisconsin (16,17). It is interesting to note that the highest percentage of strains belonging to group A was found in the diarrhea cases which has no virulence determinants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli Groups A, B1, B2 and D Isolated from Frozen Foods and Children with Diarrhea in Sanandaj, Iran

Darehabi¹,

Naseri²,

Menbari³

et al. 2013

Int J Enteric Pathog

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Background: Escherichia coli is usually a commensal of the digestive system, particularly intestine of humans and animals. However, there are many reports indicating that some strains are known to cause serious problems causing various infections among children worldwide, particularly in the developing countries. Escherichia coli strains can be classified into four phylogenetic groups: A, B1, B2 and D. The commensal strains are usually placed into the phylogenetic groups; A and B1 and the extraintestinal pathogenic strains into a group B2 and, to a lesser extent, group D. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the antibiotic resistance pattern of Escherichia coli groups A, B1, B2 and D from frozen foods and children with diarrhea. Materials and methods: From 125 frozen foods of animal origin and 466 rectal swabs from children with diarrhea, E. coli were isolated and identified based on standard procedures. Susceptibility testing to antibiotic was carried out according to the CLSI criteria. The phylogenetic group of each strain was determined by using multiplex PCR. Results: In the current study, 47 and 99 E. coli strains were isolated and allocated into four phylogenetic groups (i.e. A, B1, B2 and D). Among the strains isolated from the frozen foods of animal origin, 6.3% were allocated into phylogenetic group B2, and 23.4%% into D. Similarly, among the strains isolated from children with diarrhea 9% were allocated into group B2 and 19% to group D. The data showed that 55.3% and 53.1% of the frozen food-derived E. coli strains were resistant to Tetracycline and Amoxycillin respectively. Similarly, 89.9, 88.9 and 79.8% of isolates were resistant to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and ampicillin, respectively. By a multiplex PCR procedure different phylogenetic E. coli were detected. Conclusion: Detection of E. coli isolates is very important and shows that food of animal origin can be of a reservoir for resistant bacteria that potentially could be transferred to humans through the food chain. In addition, results of the current study also revealed the detection of resistant E. coli isolates from children with diarrhea.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli Groups A, B1, B2 and D Isolated from Frozen Foods and Children with Diarrhea in Sanandaj, Iran

Darehabi¹,

Naseri²,

Menbari³

et al. 2013

Int J Enteric Pathog

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“…Further examination of our ExPEC collections showed that NMEC isolates harbored ColV and ColBM plasmids at ratios very similar to those for APEC isolates (Table 7). Certainly, there is evidence for a food-borne link between the two groups (25). At the very least, it appears that at least some NMEC isolates rely on these plasmid types for establishment of septicemia and/or meningitis in the neonatal human host.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence Analysis and Characterization of a Transferable Hybrid Plasmid Encoding Multidrug Resistance and Enabling Zoonotic Potential for Extraintestinal Escherichia coli

et al. 2010

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ColV plasmids of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) encode a variety of fitness and virulence factors and have long been associated with septicemia and avian colibacillosis. These plasmids are found significantly more often in ExPEC, including ExPEC associated with human neonatal meningitis and avian colibacillosis, than in commensal E. coli. Here we describe pAPEC-O103-ColBM, a hybrid RepFIIA/FIB plasmid harboring components of the ColV pathogenicity island and a multidrug resistance (MDR)-encoding island. This plasmid is mobilizable and confers the ability to cause septicemia in chickens, the ability to cause bacteremia resulting in meningitis in the rat model of human disease, and the ability to resist the killing effects of multiple antimicrobial agents and human serum. The results of a sequence analysis of this and other ColV plasmids supported previous findings which indicated that these plasmid types arose from a RepFIIA/FIB plasmid backbone on multiple occasions. Comparisons of pAPEC-O103-ColBM with other sequenced ColV and ColBM plasmids indicated that there is a core repertoire of virulence genes that might contribute to the ability of some ExPEC strains to cause high-level bacteremia and meningitis in a rat model. Examination of a neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC) population revealed that approximately 58% of the isolates examined harbored ColV-type plasmids and that 26% of these plasmids had genetic contents similar to that of pAPEC-O103-ColBM. The linkage of the ability to confer MDR and the ability contribute to multiple forms of human and animal disease on a single plasmid presents further challenges for preventing and treating ExPEC infections.ColV plasmids have a long history in scientific literature describing their association with the virulence of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) (58). The first completed ColV plasmid sequence (24) localized the genes encoding the virulence traits to a 94-kb pathogenicity-associated island (PAI). Gene prevalence studies involving the genes in this PAI confirmed the hypothesis of Waters and Crosa that there are "constant" and "variable" portions of the ColV PAI and that the constant region contains the RepFIB and aerobactin operons (58). Since those studies, several more of these plasmids have been sequenced, including a plasmid variant known as ColBM, which is closely related to ColV plasmids, containing remnants of the ColV operon and the ColV PAI in a very similar arrangement (23). ColV and ColBM plasmids have been found to occur significantly more often in ExPEC than in commensal E. coli. Furthermore, recent work suggests that some ExPEC subpathotypes, including avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) and human neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC), harbor these plasmids more often than other subpathotypes (10,24,26,35,42). Interestingly, although these plasmids are very prevalent in NMEC populations, the most-studied NMEC isolates appear to lack these plasmids (31, 61). Thus, far, it has been shown that ColV and ColBM plasmids co...

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“…Such similarities in the virulence traits found among APEC and other ExPEC subpathotypes have led to speculation that APEC has zoonotic potential (20,25,27) and may be a foodborne source of ExPEC causing disease in humans (10,14,18,22). Indeed, ExPEC strains have been identified in retail foods and poultry products (7,11,12,18), and at least one study has found avian isolates to be indistinguishable from human isolates (10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Avian-Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Are Similar to Neonatal Meningitis E. coli Strains and Are Able To Cause Meningitis in the Rat Model of Human Disease

et al. 2010

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Escherichia coli strains causing avian colibacillosis and human neonatal meningitis, urinary tract infections, and septicemia are collectively known as extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). Characterization of ExPEC strains using various typing techniques has shown that they harbor many similarities, despite their isolation from different host species, leading to the hypothesis that ExPEC may have zoonotic potential. The present study examined a subset of ExPEC strains: neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC) strains and avianpathogenic E. coli (APEC) strains belonging to the O18 serogroup. The study found that they were not easily differentiated on the basis of multilocus sequence typing, phylogenetic typing, or carriage of large virulence plasmids. Among the APEC strains examined, one strain was found to be an outlier, based on the results of these typing methods, and demonstrated reduced virulence in murine and avian pathogenicity models. Some of the APEC strains tested in a rat model of human neonatal meningitis were able to cause meningitis, demonstrating APEC's ability to cause disease in mammals, lending support to the hypothesis that APEC strains have zoonotic potential. In addition, some NMEC strains were able to cause avian colisepticemia, providing further support for this hypothesis. However, not all of the NMEC and APEC strains tested were able to cause disease in avian and murine hosts, despite the apparent similarities in their known virulence attributes. Thus, it appears that a subset of NMEC and APEC strains harbors zoonotic potential, while other strains do not, suggesting that unknown mechanisms underlie host specificity in some ExPEC strains.

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Examination of the Source and Extended Virulence Genotypes ofEscherichia coliContaminating Retail Poultry Meat

Cited by 71 publications

References 53 publications

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli Groups A, B1, B2 and D Isolated from Frozen Foods and Children with Diarrhea in Sanandaj, Iran

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli Groups A, B1, B2 and D Isolated from Frozen Foods and Children with Diarrhea in Sanandaj, Iran

Sequence Analysis and Characterization of a Transferable Hybrid Plasmid Encoding Multidrug Resistance and Enabling Zoonotic Potential for Extraintestinal Escherichia coli

Avian-Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Are Similar to Neonatal Meningitis E. coli Strains and Are Able To Cause Meningitis in the Rat Model of Human Disease

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