Occurrence of organophosphate flame retardants in drinking water from China

Li, Jun; Yu, Nanyang; Zhang, Beibei; Liu, Jin; Li, Meiying; Hu, Mengyang; Zhang, Xiaowei; Wei, Si; H, Yu

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2014.01.031

Cited by 262 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Moreover, dietary exposure of OPFRs via food and drinking water is a major concern for the general population (Li et al, 2014;WHO, 1990WHO, , 1991WHO, , 1997WHO, , 1998WHO, , 2000. Fishes were investigated their contribution to OPFRs exposure to human in lakes and coastal areas.…”

Section: Absorption Routes In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of OPFRs in animals and humans: Absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism, and internal exposure research

2016

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h i g h l i g h t sThe absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism and internal exposure of OPFRs are reviewed. Inhalation, ingestion and dermal contact are the main OPFRs absorptionpathways for humans. General in vivo and in vitro metabolic pathways of three different types of OPFRs are proposed. DAPs and MAPs are considered as putative biomarkers for the assessment of internal exposure of OPFRs in humans. a r t i c l e i n f o t r a c tDue to their widespread use, organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are commonly detected in various environmental matrices and have been identified as emerging contaminants. Considering the adverse effects of OPFRs, many researchers have paid their attention on the absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism and internal exposure processes of OPFRs in animals and humans. In this article, we first review the diverse absorption routes of OPFRs by animals and humans (e.g., inhalation, ingestion, dermal absorption and gill absorption). Bioaccumulation and biomagnification potentials of OPFRs in different types of organisms and food webs are also summarized, based on quite limited available data and results. For metabolism, we review the Phase-I and Phase-II metabolic processes for each type of OPFRs (chlorinated OPFRs, alkyl-OPFRs and aryl-OPFRs) in the animals and humans, as well as toxicokinetic information and putative exposure biomarkers on OPFRs. Finally, we highlight gaps in our knowledge and critical directions for future internal exposure studies of OPFRs in animals and humans.

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Section: Absorption Routes In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of OPFRs in animals and humans: Absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism, and internal exposure research

2016

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“…Abundant OPFRs can be released to the environment because they are only additives to consumer products. As a result, OPFRs have been widely detected in air [10][11][12], water [13,14], sediment [15], indoor dust [16,17], and biota samples [18][19][20]. Most OPFRs pose adverse biological effects, such as hemolytic and reproductive effects [7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Size-dependent atmospheric deposition and inhalation exposure of particle-bound organophosphate flame retardants

Luo

Bao

Guo

et al. 2016

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…In fact, OPEs are already ubiquitous in various environments, as they have been detected in sewage treatment plants (STPs) [3], indoor environments [4,5], atmospheric particles [6,7], aquatic environment [2,[7][8][9], biota [10,11] and also human body fluid [10,12]. Moreover, some halogenated OPEs, such as tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate (TCEP), tris(chloroisopropyl)phosphate (TCPP) and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TDCP), are quite recalcitrant to naturally degradation or biodegradation [1,3], suggesting that they are likely to enter the aquatic environment and persistent in environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate-basd ionic liquids as advantageous solid-phase micro-extraction coatings for the extraction of organophosphate esters in environmental waters

Shi

Liu

Liang

et al. 2016

Journal of Chromatography A

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a b s t r a c tIonic liquids (ILs) containing the tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate [FAP] anion and various cations have great potential in sample preparation because of their excellent hydrophobicity, thermostability and low hydrolysity. In the present study, a [FAP]-based IL, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tris (pentafluoroethyl) trifluoro phosphate ([HMIM][FAP]), was used as coatings of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for extracting organophosphate esters (OPEs) from environmental water samples. This SPME fiber was fabricated by coating a stainless steel wire substrate with [HMIM][FAP] via a simple direct dip-coating approach, and the extraction was conducted by the direct immersion solid phase microextraction. Coupling to gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the developed SPME method exhibited excellent selectivity and sensitivity towards the extraction of 11 OPEs from aqueous samples. Satisfactory linearity (R 2 ≥ 0.99) of the calibration curves was obtained over the range of 0.05-50.0 ng mLwith the limits of detection (LODs, S/N = 3) and limits of quantification (LOQs, S/N = 10) ranged from 0.13-7.40 ng L −1 and 0.50-24.0 ng L −1 , respectively. The proposed SPME method showed excellent extraction efficiency to OPEs with enrichment factors in the range of 168-2603, and acceptable reproducibility with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ≤15% for single fiber (n = 7) and ≤16% for fiber-to-fiber (n = 3 × 3) at a concentration level of 0.5 ng mL −1 , respectively. The prepared IL-based fiber was successfully applied to determine eleven common used OPEs in tap water, influent and effluent of sewage treatment plant, with results are comparable to those determined by the reference (UPLC-MS/MS), and spiked recoveries in the range of 84.0-108%, 82.1-123% and 82.8-100%, respectively.

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Occurrence of organophosphate flame retardants in drinking water from China

Cited by 262 publications

References 31 publications

Review of OPFRs in animals and humans: Absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism, and internal exposure research

Review of OPFRs in animals and humans: Absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism, and internal exposure research

Size-dependent atmospheric deposition and inhalation exposure of particle-bound organophosphate flame retardants

Tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate-basd ionic liquids as advantageous solid-phase micro-extraction coatings for the extraction of organophosphate esters in environmental waters

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