Occurrence of oral leukoplakia and lichen planus in diabetes mellitus

Abstract

The occurrence of oral leukoplakia and lichen planus in 1600 patients with diabetes mellitus (815 type 1: insulin-dependent, 761 type 2: non-insulin-dependent)-under care at the International Medicine Department-was studied. Precancerous lesions and conditions were diagnosed and grouped according to internationally accepted criteria. The prevalence of oral leukoplakia in diabetic patients was 6.2%, as compared to 2.2% in the healthy controls, that of oral lichen was 1.0% in the test-, and 0.0% in the control group. Leukoplakia and lichen both showed the highest occurrence in the second year of established diabetes, and their prevalence was higher among insulin-treated diabetics. Smokers were more often affected, by both kind of lesions, oral lichen showed a more frequent association with candidiasis. The prevalence of oral leukoplakia and lichen in diabetes mellitus patients was higher, than average ratios in population samples from the same country.

Diabetes and Oral Tumors in Hungary

“…Albrecht et al (16) found leukoplakia in 6.2% of their diabetes patients, whereas in the present study, an incidence of 6% for leukoplakia in diabetic patients was observed. Of the l6 precancerous lesions that were screened out, 4 proved to be erythroplakia, i.e., 2% of the 200 diabetes patients.…”

“…Considering the well-known oral manifestations of diabetes (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16), both the inflammatory processes (gingivitis, periodontitis) and the atrophic lesions (chronic cheilitis and glossitis) are possible precursors of malignant epithelial transformation. However, the epidemiological relationship between these two important diseases has not been studied until now.…”

The Role of Genetic Predisposition in Diagnosis and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

“…In agreement with Gusberti et al 57 the findings of our study 53 Type 1 DM to increase the prevalence and severity of periodontitis independent of the effects of oral hygiene, and duration time of DM. 42 However the severity of periodontal disease increased with the duration of DM only among those with an adequate level of oral hygiene (OHI-S = 0) The association between periodontal disease and the duration of diabetes mellitus is consistent with trends seen in other complications of DM whereas the longer duration of diabetes mellitus is in direct proportion of the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease. The development of systemic complications of diabetes such as retinopathy, nephropathy, is also is relationship with the duration of diabetes mellitus agreement with Rylander 58 , Galea et al 59 , Rosenthal et al 60 On the other hand, the presence of severe periodontal infection may also increase the risk for microvascular and macrovascular complications.…”

“…[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57] Individuals with DM tend to have a higher prevalence of periodontal diseases and more severe and rapidly progressing forms than those who do not have DM. 41,48 DM is a known risk factor for periodontitis in adults.…”

Clinical study of the oral manifestations and related factors in type 2 diabetics patients

“…The relationship between diabetes and oral lichen planus and dental caries is less obvious; several studies have shown widely diverging results. [4][5][6][7] A few studies have suggested that decrease salivary flow results from the use of certain drugs, which would result in changes within the mouth, leading to caries, periodontal disease, and soft tissue alterations; the latter may foster invasion by opportunistic microorganisms. Several types of drugs may cause a subjective feeling of dry mouth, or may induce low salivary flow; these include anticholinergics, antidepressants, diuretics, antihistamines, myorelaxants, diazepinic drugs, and sympatheticomimetics such as hypotensive drugs.…”