Occurrence of Intestinal Parasitic Contamination in Select Consumed Local Raw Vegetables and Fruits in Kuantan, Pahang

Yusof, Afzan Mat; Mohammad, Mardhiah; Abdullahi, M.A.; Mohamed, Zeehaida; Zakaria, Robaiza; Wahab, Ridhwan Abdul

doi:10.21315/tlsr2017.28.1.2

Cited by 22 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Elderly individuals who did not regularly practice vegetable washing were 3.19 times more likely to be infected with STHs than those who did wash vegetables. Several studies have reported that consuming unwashed fresh vegetables is a risk factor for STH infection [ 31 , 32 ]. Recently, contamination by STH parasites has been reported in fresh vegetables from southern Thailand, with a contamination rate of 35.1% [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections and associated risk factors among elderly individuals living in rural areas of southern Thailand

et al. 2020

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Background Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection is a neglected tropical disease affecting approximately 1.5 billion people worldwide. In past decades, most studies focused on STH infection in preschool-aged and school-aged children in different regions of Thailand. However, little is known about the prevalence and intensity of STH infection in the elderly population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the current prevalence and intensity of STH infections and to identify associated risk factors among the elderly population. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to November 2019 to assess the prevalence of STH infections and associated risk factors among elderly populations living in five subdistricts of Thasala District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand. A total of 439 elderly individuals were selected using a random sampling technique. Each fresh stool sample was examined using the formalin ethyl acetate concentration technique (FECT), Kato-Katz thick smears and agar plate culture (APC). A structured questionnaire was used to obtain relevant information regarding associated risk factors for STH infection. Results The overall prevalence of STH infection was 15.7%. Hookworms (10.9%, 48/439) were the most prevalent STH species, followed by Strongyloides stercoralis (3.4%, 15/439) and Trichuris trichiura (2.1%, 9/439). Most elderly individuals infected with hookworms or T. trichiura had light-intensity infections. A higher prevalence of STH infection was observed among individuals aged older than 80 years (23.4%) than among those aged between 70 and 79 years (15.2%) and 60–69 years (14.5%). Males were 1.85-times more likely to present with STH infections than females. Not washing vegetables before eating increased the risk of STH infection by 3.19 times, while defecation in an open field increased the risk of STH infection by 2.65 times. Conclusions The findings suggested that STH infection is prevalent, and that hookworms are the most common STH species among elderly populations in southern Thailand. Personal hygiene and deworming programs should be implemented among the elderly population to reduce the risk and prevent the spread of STH infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections and associated risk factors among elderly individuals living in rural areas of southern Thailand

et al. 2020

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“…In Hamadan, water supplies are provided by the river water, untreated waste water or surface water to be used for irrigation of vegetables cultivated throughout spring and summer, while during autumn and winter, vegetables are imported mostly from the farms of Khuzestan, southwest of Iran, which are irrigated by rain or underground water. Furthermore, increased number of parasites in vegetables during warm seasons might be due to the increase of the temperature intensifying the excretion of parasites by humans or animals (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitic Contamination of Raw Vegetables Consumed in Hamadan, West of Iran During 2017-2018

Taherimoghaddam¹,

Foroughi-Parvar²,

Kashinahanji³

et al. 2018

Avicenna J Clin Microbiol Infect

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BackgroundHealthy diet including fruits and vegetables reduces the risk of chronic disease such as heart disease, cancer, stroke and diabetes. A broad range of nutrients, phytochemicals, vitamins and minerals are provided through adhering to the diets containing the fruits and vegetables (1). Since the vegetables are served uncooked, without any processing, the contamination of these products seems very important. They can transfer pathogens from planting through consuming process (2). Vegetables will be contaminated with viral, bacterial or parasitological pathogens from different sources, such as human feces and manure that are widely applied as soil fertilizers. Untreated sewage is also used as a source of agricultural water in some regions (3). Foodborne disorders have attracted the attention of public health authorities across the world, as the World Health Organization (WHO) has reported 31 bacteria, viruses, parasites and toxins as the causes of food borne diseases particularly in low socio-economic regions in the world (4). Enteric outbreaks have been reported following consumption of tomatoes, spinach, lettuce and seed sprouts (3). Hamadan province is located in a mountainous region in west of Iran. Vegetables are provided by local farmers in spring and summer but in autumn and winter vegetables are imported from relatively hot regions such as Khuzestan province due to the cold weather of Hamadan province. ObjectivesThe present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of parasitic contamination caused by consumption of raw vegetables as potential source of parasite dissemination. Material and Methods SamplingThis study was carried out in Hamadan, west of Iran. The city is located between 34 o 8 ' latitude north and 48 o 5 ' longitude east, and is 1810 m above the sea level, with a population of 676 105 according to 2016 Iranian Population and Housing Census (5). This study was carried out from April 2017 to March 2018. For this purpose, first sampling was done during spring and summer and the second sampling was carried out over the autumn and winter. Samples included parsley, coriander, basil, savory, mint, cress, tarragon, leek, radish and, spring onion which

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“…This can be caused by vegetables obtained in dirty physical conditions and not given washing treatment before being sold to the market so that the possibility for contamination is quite large. The conditions in this study are slightly different from those conducted by Rahmati, Fallah, Maghsood, Shamsi-Ehsan, & Matini (2017) and Yusof, et al (2017). In Rahmati, Fallah, Maghsood, Shamsi-Ehsan & Matini research (2017), the most contaminated vegetable is leek.…”

Section: Univariate Results Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…In a study by Rahmati, Fallah, Maghsood, Shamsi-Ehsan, and Matini (2017), Leeks that are sampled are products that have not been cleaned before being sold. On the other hand, a research by Yusof, et al (2017) discovered gotu kola leaf as the most contaminated vegetable in the Pahang market, Malaysia. This finding is due to the culture of the Pahang community that uses gotu kola leaves daily for cooking purposes Factors that influence the presence of STH in vegetables such as the use of organic fertilizer derived from animal livestock as a medium for fertilizing vegetables (Ravichandran, 2015).…”

Section: Univariate Results Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Difference of Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) on Vegetables in Traditional and Modern Markets

Sitepu

2020

IJEMS.Jurnal.Pendidik.Matematika.Sains

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Soil Transmitted Helmiths (STH) infections is still a problem in many areas of the world, there are more than 1.5 billion people, or 2.4% of the world population is infected with intestinal worms that are transmitted through the soil. STH distribution in Indonesia includes all islands in Indonesia, where the prevalence is highest in Papua and North Sumatra with a prevalence of between 50% to 80%. One source of infection was water and mud used in the cultivation of vegetables. Contamination worms may occur especially on vegetables that propagate in the soil or close to the soil. This research is performed in an analytic study with cross sectional design. vegetables are included in the sample in this research was lettuce, leeks, cabbage, spinach, and mustard as many as 50 samples taken from traditional markets and modern markets in Medan city. From the results done, it is known that the highest positive results is in traditional markets as much as 10 vegetables or (40.0%) and the lowest positive results is in modern markets as much as 3 vegetables or (25.0%). Based on these results we can conclude that there are differences between traditional markets and modern markets as evidenced by the value of p in this comparison are p=0,035, So there are differences of Soil Transmitted helminths contamination in raw vegetables sold in traditional markets and modern markets.

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Occurrence of Intestinal Parasitic Contamination in Select Consumed Local Raw Vegetables and Fruits in Kuantan, Pahang

Cited by 22 publications

References 16 publications

Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections and associated risk factors among elderly individuals living in rural areas of southern Thailand

Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections and associated risk factors among elderly individuals living in rural areas of southern Thailand

Parasitic Contamination of Raw Vegetables Consumed in Hamadan, West of Iran During 2017-2018

The Difference of Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) on Vegetables in Traditional and Modern Markets

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