Occurrence of extractable ink residuals in packaging materials used in the Czech Republic

Dupakova, Zdenka; Dobiáš, J.; Votavová, Lenka; Klaudisová, K.; Voldřich, M.

doi:10.1080/02652030903225765

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Dehydroabietal, a compound detected in hotmelt adhesives, was present in sample TO2 [38]. Methyl dehydroabietate is a component of varnishes and printing inks [34] used as a tackifier for the enhancement of adhesive performance [26]. This compound was identified in five samples (AN, MA, SR, TO1, TO2).…”

Section: Gc-ms Screeningmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Other compounds identified were methyl hexadecanoate and methyl oleate, which are used as an intermediate for detergents, emulsifiers, stabilizers, resins, lubricants, plasticizers, and defoamer in food contact coatings [17,34]. Acetophenone was only detected in sample AN; this substance could be produced during the heat degradation of PET [41].…”

Section: Gc-ms Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several lubricants were found in the samples, such as palmitic, stearic acid [33], ethyl palmitate [16], butyl palmitate [34], oleic acid, and glycerol tricaprylate [27]. Some compounds used in solvents for lacquers and adhesives were identified.…”

Section: Gc-ms Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This compound has oxygen-scavenging capacity to extend the shelf life of oxygen sensitive products [27]. 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate is a rubber accelerator, plasticizer, lubricant, and fire retardant, and was found in sample ES [34].…”

Section: Gc-ms Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GC-MS Screening for the Identification of Potential Migrants Present in Polymeric Coatings of Food Cans

Lestido‐Cardama

Sendón

Bustos³

et al. 2019

Polymers

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The coatings used in cans can release complex chemical mixtures into foodstuffs. Therefore, it is important to develop analytical methods for the identification of these potential migrant compounds in packaged food to guarantee the compliance with European food packaging legislation and ensure consumer safety. In the present work, the type of coating in a total of twelve cans collected in Santiago de Compostela (Spain) were evaluated using an ATR (attenuated total reflectance)-FTIR spectrometer. These samples were analysed after extraction with acetonitrile in order to identify potential migrants through a screening method by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of forty-seven volatile and semi-volatile compounds were identified in these samples, including plasticizers, photoinitiators, antioxidants, lubricants, etc. Then, in a second step, a targeted analysis was carried out for the simultaneous determination of 13 compounds, including bisphenols (BPA, BPB, BPC, BPE, BPF, BPG) and BADGEs (BADGE, BADGE.H 2 O, BADGE.2H 2 O, BADGE.HCl, BADGE.2HCl, BADGE.H 2 O.HCl, cyclo-di-BADGE) by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) source. Among all the bisphenols analysed, only the bisphenol A was detected in four samples; while cyclo-di-BADGE was the predominant compound detected in all the samples analysed.

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Section: Gc-ms Screeningmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Gc-ms Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gc-ms Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gc-ms Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

GC-MS Screening for the Identification of Potential Migrants Present in Polymeric Coatings of Food Cans

Lestido‐Cardama

Sendón

Bustos³

et al. 2019

Polymers

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“…Different plasticizers such as acetyl tributyl citrate, tributyl aconitate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, and phthalates were also identified in the plastic wrappers analyzed. The main function of plasticizers is to improve the flexibility and processability of polymers [16,17,18]. Acetyl tributyl citrate and tributyl aconitate were identified in all of the samples, while bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate was identified in all of the samples except in samples P1 and P7.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GC-MS Screening Analysis for the Identification of Potential Migrants in Plastic and Paper-Based Candy Wrappers

2018

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Food packaging materials may be a potential source of contamination through the migration of components from the material into foodstuffs. Potential migrants can be known substances such as additives (e.g., plasticizers, stabilizers, antioxidants, etc.), monomers, and so on. However, they can also be unknown substances, which could be non-intentionally added substances (NIAS). In the present study, non-targeted analysis using mass spectrometry coupled to gas chromatography (GC-MS) for the identification of migrants in plastic and paper-based candy wrappers was performed. Samples were analyzed after extraction with acetonitrile. Numerous compounds including N-alkanes, phthalates, acetyl tributyl citrate, tributyl aconitate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, butylated hydroxytoluene, etc. were identified. Many of the compounds detected in plastic samples are not included in the positive list of the authorized substances. One non-intentionally added substance, 7,9-Di-tert-butyl-1-oxaspiro(4,5)deca-6-9-diene-2,8-dione, which has been reported as a degradation product of the antioxidant Irganox 1010, was found in several samples of both plastic and paper packaging. The proposed method was shown to be a useful approach for the identification of potential migrants in packaging samples. The toxicity of the compounds identified was estimated according to Cramer rules. Then, a second targeted analysis was also conducted in order to identify photoinitiators; among the analyzed compounds, only 2-hydroxybenzophenone was found in five samples.

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Migration of Photoinitiators in Food Packaging: A Review

Aparicio¹,

Elizalde

2014

Packag. Technol. Sci.

100

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Photoinitiators are highly photoactive compounds included in the formulations of UV curing printing inks and varnishes. Twenty five of those photoinitiators can be found in the bibliography regarding food packaging migration and analytical methods with an increasing interest in the last 9 years because of the foodstuffs contamination with 2-isopropylthioxanthone detected in 2005. An overview about migration of photoinitiators in food packaging is firstly given in terms of Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed notifications, mechanisms of migration, and specific migration limits. Besides set off, a migration model based on diffusion and partition coefficients is considered to analyse the factors affecting migration: physicochemical properties of the photoinitiator, characteristics of the foodstuffs and food simulants, temperature and packaging. Molecular weight, volatility, polarity and lipophilicity are considered as the main physicochemical properties of the photoinitiators playing a role in migration. In relation with the food packaging, information from published works is reviewed, taking into account the special migration behaviour of paper and cartonboard as well as the efficiency of different plastic films as barriers to avoid or reduce migration. Results of the application of the migration model are compared with reported data from the bibliography. Finally, the use of polymeric multifunctional photoinitiators is concluded as the best option for ultraviolet curing inks and varnishes to print food packaging. They have higher molecular weight together with fewer and lower volatility photodecomposition byproducts and a higher probability than conventional photoinitiators of being bound into the cured polymer matrix.

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Occurrence of extractable ink residuals in packaging materials used in the Czech Republic

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

GC-MS Screening for the Identification of Potential Migrants Present in Polymeric Coatings of Food Cans

GC-MS Screening for the Identification of Potential Migrants Present in Polymeric Coatings of Food Cans

GC-MS Screening Analysis for the Identification of Potential Migrants in Plastic and Paper-Based Candy Wrappers

Migration of Photoinitiators in Food Packaging: A Review

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