“…A literature review reveals numerous analytical methods for JOS analysis including microbiological assay (Bergan et al, 1972), thin layer chromatography (European Pharmacopoeia, 2010), spectrophotometry (Alarfaj et al, 2011), voltammetry (Belal et al, 2002), and capillary zone electrophoresis (Lalloo et al, 1997;Deng et al, 2007;Liu et al, 2010). High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (Govaerts et al, 2004;Dickson et al, 2014;Daidone et al, 2008;Van den Bossche et al, 2013), fluorescence detection (Tod et al, 1992), electrochemical detection (Gonzalez de la Huebra et al, 2007) and UV detection (Garcia-Mayor et al, 2015;Garcia-Mayor et al, 2006;Leal et al, 2001;Kanfer et al, 1998;Arsic et al, 2018) have been used to specifically investigate unchanged JOS. Nevertheless, the majority of these methods illustrate the investigation of JOS in biological fluids.…”