Occurrence of depression during the postpartum period and risk factors that affect the development of the depression

Abstract

In this study, the possibility of bread machine utilization as a quality control tool in the baking industry was investigated. Th ree diff erent fl our samples (F 1 , F 2 , and F 3 ) having diff erent protein contents were obtained and then 12% wheat starch and 2% vital gluten were added to these fl ours to adjust protein ratios. Th e physicochemical and rheological properties of these fl our combinations were analyzed. Specifi c volume, crumb grain attributes, crust and crumb color, and bread fi rmness in terms of compressibility (g) were measured. Specifi c volumes changed between 5.22 and 6.69 mL g -1 and between 4.87 and 6.29 mL g -1 for hearth and machine bread, respectively. Crumb fi rmness values of hearth bread made from F 1 , F 2 , and F 3 fl ours were 174.2, 259.4, and 180.3 g, whereas the mean fi rmness values of machine breads made from those fl ours were 91.2, 157.58, and 154.98 g, respectively. Th e F 2 fl our had the poorest performance in both baking methods with regard to the evaluated features. At the same time, the bread machine performances were diff erent, but displayed similar responses with changing fl our quality. Th e eff ects of protein content were not observed in hearth bread. However, these changes aff ected specifi c volume and crumb features in bread machine baking. Th e study showed that bread machines with an optimized formula could be successfully employed for determining fl our quality in bread making.

The Prevalence of Postpartum Depression and the Related Risk Factors in Primary Health Care, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia

“…These findings were in line with those of Rich-Edwards, who discovered that women in the youngest age group had nearly double the rate of depression scores as women in other age groups [ 17 ]. Housewives with lower incomes were more likely to score higher on the EPDS while Taşdemir et al [ 18 ] and Gumuş et al [ 19 ] both found consistent postpartum depression rates. According to a survey conducted by Dennis et al, poverty is the most important issue for housewives [ 16 ].…”

Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum depression in the Middle East: a systematic review and meta–analysis

“…Additional file 1. Table of features of the studies included in the systematic review [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70].…”